Waveguide Head-Mounted Display for Hyperstereopsis Correction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional display systems for head-mounted or helmet-mounted applications suffer from hyperstereopsis due to sensors being positioned at unnatural stereo separations, causing distorted depth perception and mass distribution issues, particularly in aviation environments where gravitational forces and ejection scenarios are a concern.

Innovation Solution

A waveguide-type display system integrates a sensor device and image source within the same optical path using a beam splitter and diffractive elements, allowing for reduced mass and natural interpupil alignment, mitigating hyperstereopsis and optimizing mass distribution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If conventional sensors are mounted on the side of a helmet at a separation larger than interpupil separation, then the sensors can be positioned away from the center of the head, but this causes hyperstereopsis effect and distorted depth perception

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor positioning flexibilityVSAvoidhyperstereopsis effect
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses optical waveguides to create a virtual copy of the sensor position at the correct interpupil separation. The actual physical sensors remain mounted on the helmet side, but optical copying mechanisms (waveguides with diffractive elements) create virtual images at the proper stereo separation, eliminating hyperstereopsis while maintaining positioning flexibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

Optical waveguides act as intermediary elements between the physically mounted sensors and the user's eyes. The waveguides capture light from sensors positioned at non-standard locations and redirect it to appear as if coming from the correct interpupil separation, mediating between mechanical mounting constraints and optical perception requirements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Manufacturing precision

If conventional large and heavy sensors are mounted on a helmet, then the sensors can be positioned at correct interpupil separation, but this increases mass on the front of the helmet and may cause clashes with helmet visor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterpupil separation alignmentVSAvoidhelmet mass distribution
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses optical waveguides to create virtual images of sensors at the correct interpupil separation without requiring physical sensors to be mounted at that location. This allows proper stereo alignment to be achieved through optical copying rather than physical placement, reducing actual mass on the helmet front

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical approach of physically mounting heavy sensors at correct positions with an optical system. Waveguides and diffractive elements substitute for mechanical sensor placement, achieving proper interpupil separation alignment through light manipulation rather than mechanical positioning of heavy components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If optical techniques are used to fold intensifier objective lenses from the centre of the forehead to correct interpupil separation, then hyperstereopsis is avoided, but the system becomes large and heavy when installed on a helmet

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehyperstereopsis effectVSAvoidhelmet mounted system weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs thin waveguide plates as the core optical element, replacing bulky conventional optical folding systems. These thin film waveguides can be integrated into the helmet structure without adding significant weight, while still achieving the necessary optical path folding to correct interpupil separation and eliminate hyperstereopsis

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The waveguide-type display system effectively reduces hyperstereopsis by using a sensor and image source in the same optical path, providing accurate depth perception and minimizing mass on the helmet, enhancing user experience and safety in aviation environments.

Implementation Method 1

A beam splitter may be provided for directing light from the image source to the coupling region and directing light from the coupling region to the sensing device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 2

The diffractive element is arranged at the viewing region to diffract light received from the forward scene along said line of sight to the image sensing optical arrangement and to diffract light from the display optical arrangement towards a user along said line of sight

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffraction: Diffraction

Implementation Method 3

a sensor device and image source within the same optical path using a beam splitter and diffractive elements

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP2215513B1Improvements in or relating to head mounted display systems
Publication Date: 2015.05.20 BAE SYSTEMS PLC
  • EP2215513B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2215513B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A primary waveguide (12) and a coupling waveguide (14) are arranged soa user (16) can view light from a forward scene (18) through the primary waveguide (12). An image source (20) generates an image which isdiffractivelycoupled into the primary waveguide (12) and internally reflected to an exit area (34) for diffraction towards the user (16). Light from the forward looking scene (18) isdiffracted into the primary waveguide (12) to be internally reflected and coupled to a image intensifier tube assembly (42). The image intensifier tube assembly (42) enhances light from the forward looking scene (18) and drives the image source (20) such that an image of the enhanced light is overlaid on light from a forward scene (18) at exit area (34).