Waveguide Additive Manufacturing with Integrated Anode

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Solution Overview

Problem

Manufacturing waveguides with complex sections is difficult and expensive due to challenges in depositing metallic coatings on internal surfaces with precise control over dimensions, especially in small openings, which affects the efficiency and speed of electroplating processes.

Innovation Solution

The method involves additive manufacturing of a core with an integrated anode portion that can be used for electroplating or electropolishing, allowing for precise positioning and removal after the process, eliminating the need for a separately fabricated anode and enabling efficient deposition of conductive metal layers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If chemical deposition methods are used without electric current, then the deposition can be implemented on complex shapes, but the deposition speed is slow and the process is difficult to control

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition implementationVSAvoiddeposition speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

A sacrificial anode made of electrically conductive material is introduced as an intermediary element within the waveguide opening. This anode serves as a temporary electrical conductor that enables electrodeposition to occur on the internal surfaces of complex geometries that would otherwise be inaccessible to conventional electrodeposition methods. After deposition, the anode is removed, leaving the desired conductive coating.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The sacrificial anode is pre-positioned within the waveguide opening before the electrodeposition process begins. This preliminary placement ensures that electrical contact is established with the cathode and that the anode is correctly positioned to facilitate uniform deposition on all internal surfaces before the actual coating process starts.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Productivity

If electrodeposition methods are used with a separate anode, then the deposition speed and control are improved, but the device complexity increases due to the need for separate anode fabrication and positioning

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition speedVSAvoidanode fabrication and positioning
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The sacrificial anode is merged with the waveguide structure itself, rather than being a separate component. The anode is formed as an integral part of the waveguide body using additive manufacturing, eliminating the need for separate anode fabrication, handling, and positioning operations. This integration simplifies the overall process while maintaining the benefits of electrodeposition.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The waveguide structure itself serves as the anode through the sacrificial anode integration, eliminating the need for external anode handling equipment and complex positioning mechanisms. The structure is self-sufficient for the electrodeposition process, reducing external dependencies and simplifying the manufacturing workflow.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Manufacturing precision

If conventional manufacturing methods are used for complex waveguide sections, then the manufacturing precision can be maintained, but the manufacturing cost and difficulty increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedimensional controlVSAvoidmanufacturing difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The manufacturing approach changes from subtractive or formative methods to additive manufacturing with subsequent electrodeposition. This parameter change in the manufacturing process enables complex geometries to be created directly with high precision, followed by controlled metal layer deposition, achieving both dimensional accuracy and manufacturing feasibility for complex waveguide sections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach simplifies the manufacturing process, reduces costs, and improves the precision and speed of metal layer deposition on complex waveguide shapes, enhancing the production of waveguide devices for RF signal propagation and manipulation.

Implementation Method 1

The anode is intended for example for the electrodeposition of a conductive metal layer on the walls of the opening. In this case, the process comprises a step of immersing the core in a metal ion bath, then a step of electrodepositing the conductive metal layer on the walls of said opening, by applying an electric current between said anode and a cathode.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrodeposition: Electrodeposition

Implementation Method 2

The anode is intended for example for the electrodeposition of a conductive metal layer on the walls of the opening... Alternatively, or in addition, this anode can also be used for electropolishing the walls of the opening.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectropolishing:

Data Source

PatentEP3939115B1Method for manufacturing a waveguide device by additive manufacturing and electrodeposition, and semi-finished product
Publication Date: 2023.06.14 SWISSTO 12 SA
  • EP3939115B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3

AI summary

Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a waveguide device (1) comprising the following steps: additive manufacturing of a core (3) provided with an opening (2); additive manufacturing of at least one portion of an anode (5) through the opening; immersion of the core in a metal ion bath; electrodeposition of a conductive metal layer (4) on the walls (7) of the opening, by applying an electric current between the anode and a cathode.