Wireless Sensor Frequency Selection in Waveguides

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current wireless communication systems for aircraft face challenges in minimizing power consumption and mitigating signal fading due to distance and time variations, particularly in waveguide environments like aircraft fuselages, where standard methods like adjusting receiver gain are not feasible due to power limitations.

Innovation Solution

A wireless sensor system that dynamically adjusts the transmission frequency of RF signals to optimize power delivery by identifying mode frequencies with minimal path loss within the aircraft fuselage, using a sensor controller with a processor and memory to compare output and received power levels and select the most efficient frequency for communication.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If standard RF transmission is used with fixed frequency, then device complexity is reduced, but signal fading occurs due to distance and time variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmission system complexityVSAvoidsignal transmission reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic frequency selection where the sensor controller transmits interrogation signals at multiple frequencies and the sensor assembly selects the frequency with the highest received power ratio. This dynamic adaptation to varying signal conditions resolves the contradiction by allowing the system to maintain reliable communication without requiring complex fixed-frequency transmission designs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the frequency parameter of the RF transmission based on measured power ratios at different frequencies. By selecting the optimal frequency from multiple options, the system maintains signal reliability while avoiding the need for complex fixed-frequency transmission systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Stability of the object's composition

If receiver gain is adjusted to mitigate fading, then signal level stability is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal level stabilityVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of adjusting receiver gain, the patent changes the transmission frequency parameter to mitigate fading. The sensor controller transmits at multiple frequencies and the sensor assembly selects the frequency with the highest received power, maintaining signal stability without increasing power consumption through gain adjustment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

Rather than adjusting the receiver to compensate for signal variations, the system inverts the approach by selecting the optimal transmission frequency based on measured power ratios. This eliminates the need for continuous gain adjustment and its associated power consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

3Reliability

If multiple frequencies are transmitted to find optimal frequency, then communication reliability is improved, but time consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication reliabilityVSAvoidfrequency selection time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary frequency scanning during initial setup or when signal quality degrades, measuring power ratios at multiple frequencies in advance. This preliminary action establishes the optimal frequency for subsequent communication, reducing the time impact of frequency selection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements periodic frequency scanning rather than continuous scanning, measuring power ratios at multiple frequencies at scheduled intervals or when needed. This periodic approach maintains communication reliability while minimizing the time lost to frequency selection operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach minimizes power consumption and ensures reliable communication by identifying and utilizing frequencies with the highest power ratio, reducing signal attenuation and extending battery life in autonomous sensors.

Implementation Method 1

transmitting a sensor interrogation signal into an aircraft fuselage at a frequency that varies over time... determining an output power of the transmitted sensor interrogation signal at a plurality of frequencies

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWaveguide: Waveguide

Data Source

PatentEP2503789B1Method and system for wireless communications in a waveguide environment
Publication Date: 2017.09.27 GE AVIATION SYSTEMS LLC
  • EP2503789B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2503789B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A system and method of transmitting sensor signals in a waveguide environment are provided. A sensor assembly (110) is configured to wirelessly receive a sensor interrogation signal, determine an input power level of the sensor interrogation signal, and transmit a message including the determined power level. The system also includes a sensor controller (108) configured to transmit a sensor interrogation signal determine an output power of the transmitted sensor interrogation signal at a plurality of frequencies, receive an indication of the received input power level of the sensor interrogation signal from the sensor assembly at the plurality of frequencies, compare the transmitted output power of the sensor interrogation signal to the received power indication, and select a transmit frequency for transmitting messages between the senor assembly (110) and the sensor controller (108) based on the comparison.