Optical Waveguide Substrate Domain Inversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
The formation of a periodic domain inversion structure within a channel optical waveguide leads to significant optical loss and reduced efficiency of harmonic generation, primarily due to surface damage and crystal defects caused by the concentration of the electric field at the end edge of the interdigitated electrode.
Innovation Solution
The method involves forming a channel optical waveguide with a periodic domain inversion structure by applying a voltage on an interdigitated electrode on a single-domain ferroelectric single crystal substrate, removing the electrode, and positioning the optical intensity center of the waveguide diagonally away from the end of the interdigitated electrode to minimize damage and defects, thereby reducing optical loss and enhancing harmonic generation efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a periodic domain inversion structure is formed within a channel optical waveguide using voltage application method, then domain inversion efficiency is improved, but optical loss increases and harmonic generation efficiency decreases due to surface damage and crystal defects at the electrode end edge
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the interdigitated electrode after the periodic domain inversion structure is formed. By removing the electrode that causes surface damage and crystal defects at its end edge, the harmful factors are eliminated while the beneficial periodic domain inversion structure remains intact in the optical waveguide region
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the processing into distinct stages: first forming the periodic domain inversion structure using the interdigitated electrode, then removing the electrode, and finally forming the channel optical waveguide. This segmentation allows the electrode to be used only for the necessary domain inversion process and then discarded, preventing it from causing optical loss during waveguide operation
2Manufacturing precision
If the optical intensity center is positioned close to the interdigitated electrode end for high domain inversion efficiency, then polarization efficiency is improved, but crystal damage and defects increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs the voltage application and domain inversion process as a preliminary action before forming the final optical waveguide. The interdigitated electrode is used temporarily during this preliminary stage to create the periodic domain inversion structure, then removed before the optical waveguide is formed, preventing crystal damage from affecting the final optical performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly reduces optical losses and increases the efficiency of harmonic generation by maintaining the optical intensity center at a distance of 5 μm or more from the electrode end, while ensuring the domain inversion efficiency remains high by keeping the distance within 30 μm or less.
Implementation Method 1
applying a voltage on an interdigitated electrode provided on one main face of a single-domain ferroelectric single crystal substrate to form a periodic domain inversion structure
Implementation Method 2
by providing the periodic domain inversion structure within the ridge optical waveguide, fundamental waves incident on the optical waveguide are modulated to higher harmonic waves
Data Source
AI summary
A voltage is applied on an interdigitated electrode provided on one main face of a single-domain ferroelectric single crystal substrate to form a periodic domain inversion structure. The interdigitated electrode is then removed. The optical waveguide is then formed in the substrate. An optical intensity center P1 of the optical waveguide is kept away from a location P0 of the end of the interdigitated electrode.