Simultaneous WAZ and OBS Surveys for Subsalt Velocity Modeling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Obtaining an accurate velocity model for seismic data processing in complex geological areas, such as those with embedded salt layers, is challenging, leading to inadequate imaging of subsalt structures in hydrocarbon exploration.
Innovation Solution
Simultaneously acquiring wide azimuth (WAZ) data and ocean bottom node (OBS) data to determine a more accurate velocity model, reducing time and cost by integrating ocean bottom surveys with existing WAZ data acquisition processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If separate WAZ and OBS surveys are conducted to obtain accurate velocity models, then imaging accuracy of subsalt structures is improved, but time and cost of seismic exploration increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines WAZ and OBS surveys into a single integrated operation where ocean bottom nodes are deployed on the seabed and streamers are towed behind vessels simultaneously. This merging of previously separate surveys allows acquisition of both wide azimuth data and ocean bottom node data in one campaign, reducing total survey time while maintaining velocity model accuracy for subsalt imaging
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated survey system performs multiple functions simultaneously: it acquires WAZ data for broad coverage, OBS data for precise velocity modeling, and both datasets contribute to a unified velocity model that improves subsalt structure imaging. The system is designed to serve multiple purposes within a single operational framework
2Measurement precision
If separate WAZ and OBS surveys are conducted to obtain accurate velocity models, then imaging accuracy of subsalt structures is improved, but exploration cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines WAZ and OBS surveys into a single integrated operation where ocean bottom nodes are deployed on the seabed and streamers are towed behind vessels simultaneously. This merging of previously separate surveys allows acquisition of both wide azimuth data and ocean bottom node data in one campaign, reducing total survey time while maintaining velocity model accuracy for subsalt imaging
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated survey system performs multiple functions simultaneously: it acquires WAZ data for broad coverage, OBS data for precise velocity modeling, and both datasets contribute to a unified velocity model that improves subsalt structure imaging. The system is designed to serve multiple purposes within a single operational framework
3Device complexity
If traditional seismic survey methods are used, then acquisition process is simpler, but resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data are insufficient for complex geological structures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the seismic acquisition system into multiple independent components: ocean bottom nodes deployed on the seabed, streamers towed behind vessels, and seismic sources. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for its specific function while working together to provide high-resolution data suitable for complex geological structures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds the dimension of ocean bottom node deployment on the seabed to the traditional streamer survey, creating a three-dimensional acquisition geometry. This dimensional addition provides enhanced spatial sampling and improved signal-to-noise ratio by capturing seismic waves from multiple angles and depths
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy of seismic imaging by providing an efficient and cost-effective method to image subsalt structures, improving the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, thereby facilitating better hydrocarbon reservoir detection.
Implementation Method 1
seismic waves generated by a plurality of seismic sources while a plurality of streamers are traversing a body of water
Implementation Method 2
acquire a second set of seismic data corresponding to reflected seismic waves
Data Source
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AI summary
A method may include receiving, via a processor, a first set of seismic data acquired via a Wide Azimuth (WAZ) survey. The method may also include receiving a second set of seismic data acquired via an Ocean Bottom Survey (OBS) simultaneously during a time period in which the first set of seismic data is acquired. The method may then involve processing the second set of data to obtain a velocity model of seismic waves for an area that corresponds to the WAZ survey and OBS and generating one or more seismic images of the area based on the velocity model and the first set of data.