Wearable ECG Monitoring Using P-to-R Wave Ratios
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wearable devices for cardiac amyloidosis detection rely on unreliable absolute R-wave measurements, which are variable and prone to noise interference, making early detection and surveillance challenging.
Innovation Solution
A wearable device that measures and compares relative values or ratios of P-wave and R-wave features, such as amplitude, area, duration, and interval, over time, using a microprocessor and deep learning algorithms to filter out noise and correct distortions, enabling early detection and surveillance for cardiac amyloidosis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a wearable device with two electrodes is used to measure ECG signals, then the device portability and ease of use are improved, but the measurement precision deteriorates due to common-mode noise signals and skin-electrode impedance variations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the measurement approach from absolute R-wave amplitude to relative P-wave to R-wave amplitude ratio. This parameter transformation makes the measurement invariant to common-mode noise and skin-electrode impedance variations, thereby maintaining measurement precision while using simple two-electrode wearable devices
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces the P-wave amplitude as an intermediary reference parameter. By comparing R-wave amplitude relative to P-wave amplitude rather than using absolute values, the system eliminates the effect of common-mode noise and impedance variations, achieving accurate cardiac amyloidosis detection with wearable devices
2Device complexity
If absolute R-wave amplitude is measured to detect cardiac amyloidosis, then the detection method is simple, but the reliability deteriorates due to variability from skin-electrode interface impedances and body morphology
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from absolute R-wave amplitude to the relative ratio of P-wave to R-wave amplitude. This transformation preserves the simplicity of the detection method while eliminating reliability issues caused by varying skin-electrode impedances and body morphology, as the ratio remains consistent across different measurement conditions
Data Source
AI summary
An improved wearable device for detecting progression of Cardiac Amyloidosis based on changes in relative values of characteristics of P-wave and R-wave is disclosed. In an embodiment of the invention, two electrodes the device are connected to user's skin surface to obtain traces of ECG signals. Thereafter, correction factors are determined for the obtained traces of ECG signals. A microprocessor included in the device applies correction factors on the traces of ECG signals to obtain characteristics of P-wave and R-wave. Finally, the microprocessor determines the ratio of the characteristics (such as amplitude) of the P-wave to the characteristics (such as amplitude) of the R-wave and records said ratio. Still further, the microprocessor compares all such recorded ratios or features, to determine and display if there is disease progression.