Wearable Sensor Noise Reduction via Correlation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional non-invasive biological interrogation techniques suffer from inaccuracies due to noise interference, failing to sufficiently isolate specific physiological characteristics without losing information about other elements of interest.
Innovation Solution
The use of wearable devices equipped with multiple sensors, such as optical and impedance sensors, that correlate measurements to reduce noise unrelated to the element of interest while retaining information about the element of interest, allowing for precise non-invasive measurement of physiological characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If non-invasive measurement techniques are used, then the organism is not harmed, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to noise interference
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple sensors (optical sensor, impedance sensor, and reference sensor) into a wearable device to measure the same physiological parameter through different physical mechanisms. By merging these sensors and correlating their measurements, the system achieves noise reduction while maintaining non-invasive measurement capability, thus resolving the contradiction between reliability and precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a reference sensor as an intermediary that measures a physiological parameter unrelated to the target constituent. This reference measurement serves as a mediator to identify and remove noise from the optical and impedance sensor readings, enabling accurate measurement of blood constituents non-invasively.
2Measurement precision
If multiple sensors are used to reduce noise, then measurement accuracy improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a wearable device where multiple sensors (optical, impedance, and reference) work together to measure different aspects of the same physiological parameter. This multi-functional approach allows the system to achieve accurate measurement of blood constituents while managing device complexity through integrated sensor design and shared processing architecture.
3Measurement precision
If noise is removed from measurements, then signal-to-noise ratio improves, but information about other physiological elements may be lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different measurement approaches (optical, impedance, reference sensors) to capture different aspects of physiological information. By locally optimizing each sensor for its specific function and then integrating them through correlation analysis, the system enhances the signal-to-noise ratio for the target constituent while preserving information about other physiological elements through the multi-parameter measurement approach.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy of non-invasive measurements by eliminating noise and improving the signal-to-noise ratio, enabling more reliable determination of physiological parameters like blood glucose levels and other constituents without invasive methods.
Implementation Method 1
using electrical, impedance, and/or optical devices to interrogate the characteristic of interest
Implementation Method 2
using electrical, impedance, and/or optical devices to interrogate the characteristic of interest
Data Source
AI summary
Devices, systems, and methods for eliminating noise in non-invasive biological interrogation techniques may be described herein. A method may include taking a first set of measurements over a time period. The first set of measurements may be indicated by an electronic signal. The first set of measurements may correspond to a physiological characteristic of a subject. A change in the physiological characteristic of the subject may correspond to a change in a blood constituent of the subject. The method may include: taking a second set of measurements over the time period; correlating the first and second sets of measurements, wherein the correlating removes noise from the electronic signal; sectioning out the electronic signal; calculating an amplitude difference between two or more sections of the electronic signal; and determining a change in the amount of the blood constituent based on the difference.