Weed Treatment Control Using Dynamic Vegetation Thresholds

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing agricultural treatment systems fail to accurately treat critical weeds at early growth stages, leading to reduced yield and food safety due to fixed thresholds that may not trigger treatment when necessary.

Innovation Solution

A method for dynamically adjusting treatment thresholds based on real-time vegetative indicators, such as weed or insect species, using image analysis and data-driven models to control treatment devices like smart sprayers, ensuring targeted and efficient application of agrochemicals.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If mechanical weed control methods (mowing, rolling, tamping) are used, then cost and environmental impact are reduced, but treatment effectiveness is insufficient and weeds can regrow

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveweed treatment effectivenessVSAvoidcomplexity of treatment system
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system segments the weed treatment process into distinct functional modules: detection module (cameras, sensors), classification module (weed identification algorithms), and treatment module (spray nozzles, mechanical actuators). Each module independently performs its specific function, allowing the system to achieve reliable weed control while maintaining manageable complexity through modular design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system introduces an intelligent control unit as an intermediary between detection and treatment. This controller processes image data, identifies weed species, determines appropriate treatment methods, and coordinates the execution of treatment actions. The intermediary enables complex decision-making without requiring complex mechanical treatment mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If herbicides are applied broadly to control weeds, then weed growth is suppressed, but beneficial plants are also damaged and environmental harm increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveweed control effectivenessVSAvoidharm to beneficial plants and environment
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies different treatment qualities to different locations: spray nozzles deliver herbicide only to identified weed locations, while mechanical treatment (mowing, rolling, tamping) is applied locally to specific weed patches. This localized application ensures weed control effectiveness while preventing harm to beneficial plants through precise spatial targeting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the treatment parameter from uniform broad-spectrum herbicide application to variable localized treatment. The control unit adjusts treatment parameters (spray amount, mechanical force, treatment timing) based on real-time weed identification and classification, enabling effective weed control with minimal impact on beneficial vegetation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If manual weed removal is performed, then selective treatment is achieved, but labor costs and time consumption increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveselective treatment accuracyVSAvoidtreatment speed and efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces manual mechanical weed removal with an automated system combining optical detection (cameras, sensors), computational analysis (weed identification algorithms), and automated treatment execution (spray nozzles, mechanical actuators). This substitution maintains high selective treatment accuracy while dramatically increasing productivity through automated operation at vehicle speeds.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system enables the treatment vehicle to perform selective weed removal autonomously. The detection module continuously scans for weeds, the classification module automatically identifies weed species and locations, and the treatment module executes appropriate treatment actions without manual intervention. This self-service capability achieves both selective accuracy and high productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

4Adaptability or versatility

If multiple treatment methods are integrated into one system, then treatment versatility is improved, but system complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetreatment method varietyVSAvoidsystem structural complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system integrates multiple treatment methods (spray application, mowing, rolling, tamping) into a single universal platform. The control unit can select and execute different treatment methods based on weed type, location, and environmental conditions, providing treatment versatility while managing system complexity through centralized control architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances the accuracy of weed and insect treatment by reducing environmental impact and improving sustainability through targeted application, minimizing chemical use and enhancing computational efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

a camera positioned to image the vegetation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight: Light

Implementation Method 2

a processor programmed to classify the vegetation imaged by the camera into one or more categories including at least one category comprising weeds and at least one category comprising crops

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectImage processing:

Implementation Method 3

The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one treatment device is activated in response to the classified vegetation indicating the presence of the weeds

Methodology Applied
Scientific Effect:

Data Source

PatentEP4228404B1Treatment system for weed specific treatment
Publication Date: 2026.05.13 BASF DIGITAL FARMING GMBH
  • EP4228404B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4228404B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4228404B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a system and method for operating a treatment device applying a treatment product to an agricultural area, the method comprising: obtaining (S210) at least one dataset relating to an area of interest within the agricultural area (110) to a control system (12.10); determining (S220), by the control system (12.10), from the at least one dataset a vegetative indicator relating to real-time conditions on the agricultural area (110), wherein a basic threshold for triggering application of the treatment product is dynamically adjustable in relation to the vegetative indicator; and providing (S230) a control signal, by the control system (12.10), to control the treatment device (120) based on the determined vegetative indicator and the threshold for triggering application of the treatment product.