Weld Head Clamping Force Control via Motor Current Adjustment

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional weld heads face challenges such as cumbersome electrode replacement, misalignment issues, susceptibility to temperature variations affecting clamping force, and electrode damage due to magnetic strength variations and power cutoff.

Innovation Solution

A weld head with a permanent-magnet linear actuator motor, temperature sensor, and controller to adjust current, a brake assembly to prevent electrode collision, and adaptable electrode assemblies for various configurations, addressing temperature and magnetic strength fluctuations and ensuring consistent clamping force.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Force

If conventional weld heads use a linear actuator motor to adjust electrode position, then electrode positioning is achieved, but clamping force varies due to magnetic strength variations along the motor stroke

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclamping forceVSAvoidforce consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A force sensor is integrated into the weld head to detect the actual clamping force applied by the electrodes. The controller receives this force signal and adjusts the linear actuator motor's operation in real-time to maintain a predetermined clamping force, compensating for magnetic strength variations along the motor stroke.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically changes the electrical parameters (current/voltage) supplied to the linear actuator motor based on the detected clamping force. By adjusting these parameters in response to force sensor feedback, the system maintains consistent clamping force despite positional variations in the motor's magnetic field.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If conventional weld heads allow electrode replacement, then different electrode configurations can be used, but replacement is cumbersome and time-consuming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode configuration flexibilityVSAvoidelectrode replacement time
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The weld head is divided into modular components, with the electrode assembly being a separate, easily detachable unit. This segmentation allows the electrode to be quickly removed and replaced without affecting other parts of the weld head, significantly reducing replacement time while maintaining versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The weld head incorporates a universal mounting interface that can accommodate different electrode types and configurations. This standardized interface allows various electrodes to be quickly swapped while maintaining proper alignment and electrical connection, enhancing adaptability without requiring complex reconfiguration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Device complexity

If conventional weld heads operate without temperature compensation, then the structure is simpler, but temperature variations adversely affect force output and weld quality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol system complexityVSAvoidweld quality consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A temperature sensor continuously monitors the temperature of the linear actuator motor and provides this information to the controller. The controller uses this temperature feedback to adjust operational parameters, compensating for thermal effects on magnetic strength and maintaining consistent clamping force and weld quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts electrical parameters supplied to the linear actuator motor based on temperature readings. By changing these parameters in response to temperature variations, the system compensates for thermal degradation of magnetic performance while adding only minimal control complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Loss of energy

If power is cutoff from conventional weld heads, then energy consumption is reduced, but electrodes strike each other causing damage and premature wear

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidelectrode lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A brake assembly is incorporated into the weld head that is automatically activated when power is cutoff. This brake prevents the electrode from falling and striking the workpiece or opposing electrode, protecting the electrodes from damage. The brake is designed to engage automatically upon power loss, requiring no additional energy consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The brake assembly provides a preliminary counter-action to the gravitational force that would cause the electrode to fall when power is cutoff. By engaging the brake before electrode damage can occur, the system prevents the harmful effect without requiring continuous energy input.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances the efficiency and quality of spot welding by maintaining consistent clamping force, preventing electrode damage, and simplifying electrode replacement and alignment.

Implementation Method 1

A weld head with a permanent-magnet linear actuator motor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic force: Lorentz Force

Implementation Method 2

temperature sensor, and controller to adjust current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature sensing: Thermistor

Implementation Method 3

a brake assembly to prevent electrode collision

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Implementation Method 4

As current is passed through the electrodes, the electrical resistance supplied by the components tends to locally heat the components around the points of contact of the electrodes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3041635B1Weld head
Publication Date: 2020.08.12 AMADA MIYACHI AMERICA INC
  • EP3041635B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3041635B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3041635B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A weld head for spot welding two or more components together. The weld head includes first and second electrode assemblies and a linear actuator motor to drive the first electrode assembly into a desired position and apply a desired clamping force. The weld head may include a sensor configured to measure a temperature of the motor and a controller configured to monitor the temperature and adjust the current supplied to the motor to maintain the desired clamping force. The weld head may include linear encoder to measure the position of the linear actuator motor and an algorithm that correlates the position of the motor with a force constant of the motor. Based on the position of the motor and the corresponding force constant of the motor, the controller is configured to adjust the current supplied to the motor to maintain the desired clamping force.