Audio Processor Bandwidth Extension Using WESPE Pulse Excitation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing bandwidth extension techniques in audio coding struggle to efficiently extract and smooth the time envelope for low complexity systems, leading to difficulties in controlling and steering the high-frequency content generation.

Innovation Solution

The proposed audio processor uses a Waveform Envelope Synchronized Pulse Excitation (WESPE) technique, which includes an envelope determiner, analyzer, excitation generator, extended band generator, and combiner to efficiently extract and smooth the time envelope, allowing for controlled pulse placement and high-frequency content generation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional bandwidth extension techniques (copy-up, mirroring, non-linear operations) are used to generate high-frequency content, then the high-frequency fine structure can be preserved to some extent, but the control and steering of the generated content becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepreservation of high-frequency fine structureVSAvoidcontrol and steering of generated content
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the uncontrolled non-linear operations into a controlled process by changing the parameters of pulse placement. Instead of using complex non-linear operations, the invention places pulses at specific positions determined by the envelope maxima, with amplitudes controlled by envelope values. This allows precise control over the generated high-frequency content while preserving its natural structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of operation

If WESPE technique is used with pulse placement at envelope maxima, then control over high-frequency content generation is improved, but the extraction and smoothing of temporal envelope becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol over high-frequency contentVSAvoidenvelope extraction and smoothing process
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the envelope extraction process into distinct stages: initial envelope extraction from the signal, identification of envelope maxima positions, and smoothing of the envelope values. This segmentation allows each stage to be optimized independently, reducing overall complexity while maintaining control precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary extraction and analysis of the temporal envelope before the actual pulse placement and signal generation. By pre-computing the envelope maxima positions and values, the system prepares control parameters in advance, simplifying the real-time processing and reducing computational complexity during critical signal generation phases.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Manufacturing precision

If extensive envelope extraction and smoothing is performed to achieve precise pulse placement, then the quality of bandwidth extension is improved, but the algorithmic delay and computational complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprecision of pulse placementVSAvoidalgorithmic delay
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial smoothing to the temporal envelope - only enough smoothing to identify clear maxima positions for pulse placement, rather than extensive smoothing that would introduce significant delay. This partial action approach achieves sufficient precision for effective pulse placement while minimizing algorithmic delay and computational complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP4553830A1Audio processor for extended the audio bandwidth of band-limited audio signal
Publication Date: 2025.05.14 FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV
  • EP4553830A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4553830A1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP4553830A1 patent drawing

AI summary

The audio processor (10) for extended a band-limited audio signal, comprising: an envelope determiner (12) for determining a temporal envelope (TDE) from a linear prediction residual of the band-limited audio signal (AS) or an excitation modelling the linear prediction residual of the band-limited audio signal (AS); an analyzer (14) for analyzing the temporal envelope (TDE) to determine certain values (V) of the temporal envelope (TDE); an excitation generator (16) for generating an excitation (E), by placing pulses in relation to the determined certain values (V), wherein the pulses are weighted using weights derived from the temporal envelope (TDE); an extended band generator (18) generating an extended-band audio signal (EBAS) by processing the generated excitation (E); a combiner (20) combining the band-limited audio signal (AS) with the generated extended-band audio signal (EBAS) to obtain a frequency enhanced audio signal (FEAS).