Wetness Indicator Garment Panel with Selective Water-Repellent Coating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Users may not be aware of moisture levels in their environment, such as rain or fog, especially in localized areas, and existing rainwear technologies do not effectively provide both water resistance and visibility of moisture exposure.

Innovation Solution

A wetness indicator panel with a layered construction, comprising a woven textile layer, a breathable water-resistant membrane, and a mesh layer, where portions without a durable water-repellent coating become visible upon moisture contact, forming patterns that indicate wet conditions while maintaining breathability and water resistance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a water-repellent coating is applied to the entire fabric surface, then water resistance is improved, but the ability to visually indicate moisture exposure is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater resistanceVSAvoidvisibility of moisture exposure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The fabric surface is segmented into multiple zones with different water-repellent coating densities. Some regions have high coating density for water resistance, while other regions have low or no coating to allow moisture visualization. This spatial segmentation resolves the contradiction by allowing both water resistance and moisture indication to coexist in different areas of the same fabric.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the fabric are given different local properties: some areas are made hydrophobic with water-repellent coating for protection, while other areas are kept hydrophilic or have reduced coating to serve as moisture indicators. This local differentiation allows the fabric to simultaneously provide water resistance where needed and visual moisture detection where required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If the fabric is made fully waterproof, then water resistance is improved, but breathability is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater resistanceVSAvoidbreathability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The fabric structure is divided into regions with different water-repellent properties. The breathable zones with reduced or no water-repellent coating allow vapor transmission, while the coated zones provide water resistance. This segmentation enables the fabric to maintain breathability through specific pathways while still providing overall water protection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different areas of the fabric are assigned different functional qualities: some regions prioritize breathability with minimal coating to allow vapor escape, while other regions prioritize water resistance with heavier coating. This local quality differentiation resolves the contradiction between waterproofing and breathability by allowing both functions to operate simultaneously in different locations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Loss of information

If a durable water-repellent coating is applied to indicate wet conditions, then visibility of moisture is improved, but water resistance is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevisibility of moisture exposureVSAvoidwater resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The fabric is segmented into indicator zones and protection zones. Indicator zones have reduced or no water-repellent coating to allow moisture absorption and visual indication, while protection zones maintain full coating density for water resistance. This segmentation allows the fabric to provide both moisture visibility and water resistance without one function compromising the other.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions are given different local qualities regarding water-repellent coating density. Areas designated for moisture indication have low coating density to enable wetness visualization, while areas designated for water protection have high coating density. This local quality assignment resolves the contradiction by allowing each region to optimize for its specific function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a visual indication of moisture exposure while protecting the wearer from wet conditions, ensuring breathability and effective water resistance, with patterns becoming visible only when the fabric absorbs moisture and returning to invisibility upon drying.

Implementation Method 1

The exposed surface of the top most layer is selectively coated with a water-repellant coating material to form portions that are coated with the water-repellant coating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrophobic effect: Hydrophobe

Implementation Method 2

The non-coated portions of the top most layer form a pattern of non-coated discrete shapes that become visible only when the non-coated discrete shapes come into contact with moisture

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAbsorption: Absorption (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP3706590B1Wetness indicator article
Publication Date: 2023.08.02 NIKE INNOVATE CV
  • EP3706590B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3706590B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3706590B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

The technology described herein relates to a three-layer outerwear garment panel comprising an outer layer (110), a middle membrane layer that is water resistant (120), and an inner layer (130). A water- repellant coating such as a durable water-repellant (DWR) coating (340) is selectively applied to the outer layer, leaving areas (330) of the outer layer free from the water-repellant coating. When precipitation (300) hits the garment, the water is absorbed in the non- coated portions (330) to reveal a pattern of shapes (310) formed by the non-coated portions.