Wheat TaCNGC5.1 Protein Broad-Spectrum Stripe Rust Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods are inadequate in providing broad-spectrum disease resistance to wheat against stripe rust, a major disease caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, which significantly affects global wheat production.
Innovation Solution
The use of the TaCNGC5.1 protein, derived from the wheat variety Suwon 11, which is used to enhance disease resistance by regulating its expression and activity, either through direct synthesis or biological expression, and incorporated into transgenic wheat using recombinant vectors to create plants resistant to multiple physiological races of the stripe rust fungus.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional disease resistance methods are used in wheat, then some level of protection is provided, but broad-spectrum resistance against multiple physiological races of stripe rust is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces the TaCNGC5.1 gene that provides broad-spectrum disease resistance against multiple physiological races of stripe rust fungus (including CYR31, CYR32, CYR33, CYR34, and new races), making the resistance mechanism universally effective across different pathogen variants rather than race-specific
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the genetic parameter by introducing a specific nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 2) that encodes the TaCNGC5.1 protein, which activates enhanced disease resistance responses including ROS production, calcium ion concentration increase, and defense gene expression across multiple physiological races
2Productivity
If wheat is infected with stripe rust fungus, then the fungus produces uredinia and causes green leaves and tissues to reduce, but photosynthesis is greatly reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by introducing the TaCNGC5.1 gene that proactively activates defense mechanisms (ROS production, hypersensitive response, defense gene expression) before the fungus can complete its infection cycle and cause photosynthesis reduction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effect of stripe rust infection into a beneficial defense response by utilizing the pathogen recognition trigger to activate TaCNGC5.1-mediated immunity, including localized cell death (hypersensitive response) that limits pathogen spread and protects photosynthetic tissues
Data Source
AI summary
A broad-spectrum disease resistance-related protein derived from wheat and related biomaterials and use thereof are provided. The protein is selected from the group consisting of A1) a protein with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; A2) a protein having more than 80% identity to, having a same function as the protein with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and obtained by substitutions and/or deletions and/or additions of amino acid residues thereof; and A3) a fusion protein with a same function obtained by joining a tag at N-terminus and/or C-terminus of A1) or A2). The TaCNGC5.1 overexpression lines showed significantly improved disease resistance, thus suggesting that TaCNGC5.1 may play an important role in breeding plants with improved resistance to stripe rust.