Vehicle Wheel Aperture Closure for Drag Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wheel assemblies with apertures for brake heat dissipation suffer from increased vehicle drag and reduced fuel efficiency due to turbulence, and existing solutions, such as actuator-connected shutting plates, pose risks to brake systems and aesthetic drawbacks.

Innovation Solution

A wheel assembly with a closure member and actuator controlled by a vehicle controller via wireless link, which adjusts aperture coverage based on driving conditions, including cruise control status, to optimize airflow and fuel efficiency while ensuring brake heat dissipation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If apertures are provided in wheels for brake heat dissipation, then brake overheating is prevented, but vehicle drag increases and fuel efficiency reduces

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebrake temperatureVSAvoidfuel efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The closure member is made movable between open and closed positions, allowing the aperture to dynamically adjust its state based on operating conditions. This enables the system to optimize between heat dissipation and fuel efficiency by switching between aperture open and closed states depending on brake temperature and vehicle operation mode.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Adaptability or versatility

If a shutting plate connected to brake hydraulic system is used to control aperture coverage, then aperture coverage can be controlled, but brake system vulnerability increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaperture control capabilityVSAvoidbrake system reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control system for the closure member is extracted from the brake hydraulic system and implemented as a separate wireless control system. The closure member is controlled wirelessly via a controller that receives signals independent of the brake hydraulic system, thereby removing the vulnerability of connecting the closure control to the brake hydraulic system while maintaining aperture coverage control capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Loss of energy

If shutting plate defaults to covering apertures, then fuel efficiency improves, but aesthetic appeal and wheel display are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefuel efficiencyVSAvoidaesthetic appeal
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The closure member provides dynamic control over aperture coverage, allowing the system to switch between aesthetic display mode (closed position for fuel efficiency) and wheel display mode (open position for aesthetics). The wireless controller enables flexible switching between these states based on driver preference or operating conditions, resolving the contradiction between fuel efficiency and aesthetic appeal.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides improved fuel efficiency by controlling aperture coverage during cruise control and ensures brake heat dissipation through wireless actuation, reducing the risk of brake system damage and maintaining aesthetic appeal.

Implementation Method 1

an actuator arranged to move the closure member relative to the wheel; wherein the controller is arranged to send a control signal to the actuator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic actuation: Electromagnet

Implementation Method 2

Wheels on vehicles typically include an arrangement of apertures to enable good air flow over the vehicle brakes. This facilitates heat transfer from the brakes to the environment by convection.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3112205B1Vehicle comprising wheel assembly
Publication Date: 2018.06.13 NISSAN MOTOR MFG (UK) LTD
  • EP3112205B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3112205B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3112205B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A vehicle (102) wheel assembly (100) includes a wheel (101, Fig. 1) having at least one aperture (107, Fig. 1); a closure member (110, Fig. 3) moveably mounted on the wheel; an actuator (115, Fig. 6) arranged to move the closure member (110) relative to the wheel (101); and a wireless receiver device (1 13) arranged to receive wireless control signals from a vehicle wireless transmitter (127), and to provide the control signal to the actuator (115); the actuator being arranged to move the closure member (110) to a first position wherein the closure member at least partially covers the aperture(s) (107) and/or to a second position wherein the apertures are not covered. The control signal is initiated by a vehicle cruise control system (125) being turned on (cover apertures) or off (open apertures); and, optionally, by brake (133), clutch (131), or vehicle speed (129) signals.