Aircraft Wheel Speed Characteristic Analysis for Dragging Brake Detection

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Aircraft brakes may become partially engaged during takeoff due to malfunction, leading to heat generation and potential fire hazards during retraction, as well as preventing the aircraft from reaching takeoff speed, and existing detection methods are inadequate to reliably identify a "dragging" brake.

Innovation Solution

A system comprising sensors and a controller that calculate wheel speed characteristics, determine a moving average, and compare it to a threshold to detect a dragging brake by identifying a lowest value indicative of a dragging brake, generating a signal to alert the presence of such a condition.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a brake is partially engaged during takeoff, then the aircraft may be undetectable to the pilot and crew, but heat is generated in the brake and takeoff speed is prevented

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebrake system reliabilityVSAvoidheat generation and fire hazard
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary detection of brake dragging during takeoff by monitoring wheel speed characteristics before retraction occurs. The controller calculates wheel speed characteristics and compares them to detected values to identify dragging brakes early, allowing preventive action before heat generation becomes hazardous

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback by continuously monitoring wheel speed characteristics and providing real-time detection of brake dragging conditions. The controller receives wheel speed data, processes it through characteristic calculation, and generates alerts when dragging is detected, creating a closed-loop monitoring system that provides continuous feedback on brake status

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Measurement precision

If existing detection methods are used, then the system is simple, but they are inadequate to reliably identify a dragging brake

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedragging brake detection accuracyVSAvoiddetection system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces traditional mechanical or simple electrical detection methods with an electronic control system that processes wheel speed characteristics. The controller uses computational algorithms to analyze wheel speed data and identify dragging conditions, substituting complex electronic processing for simpler but less accurate mechanical detection approaches

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system detects dragging brakes by monitoring changes in wheel speed characteristics rather than using fixed threshold values. The controller calculates wheel speed characteristics and compares detected values to these characteristics, allowing adaptive detection that accounts for varying operational conditions and improves detection accuracy across different flight scenarios

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If a dragging brake is not detected, then retraction can proceed normally, but fire hazard and tire failure risk increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveretraction operation efficiencyVSAvoidfire hazard and tire failure
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies preliminary anti-action by detecting brake dragging conditions before retraction begins and generating alerts to prevent the harmful sequence from occurring. The controller monitors wheel speed characteristics throughout the takeoff roll and provides early warning, allowing the crew to take corrective action before the brake reaches dangerous temperatures that would cause fire or tire failure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

Data Source

PatentEP3257712B1Systems and method for detection of dragging brake
Publication Date: 2021.03.17 GOODRICH CORP
  • EP3257712B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3257712B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3257712B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

A landing gear assembly may include a first wheel and a second wheel, a first wheel sensor coupled to the first wheel and a second wheel sensor coupled to the second wheel, and a controller (110) coupled to the first wheel sensor and the second wheel sensor. A tangible, non-transitory memory may have instructions for detecting a dragging brake. The controller may perform operations including receiving data (302) from the first wheel sensor and the second wheel sensor, calculating (304) a wheel speed characteristic for each of the first wheel and the second wheel based on the data, identifying (306) a lowest value for the wheel speed characteristic, determining (308) a moving average for the wheel speed characteristic, comparing (310) the lowest value to the moving average, and whether the lowest value for the wheel speed characteristic indicates a dragging brake.