Wide-Bandgap Converter for Compact Harmonic Filtering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional converters for active harmonic filtering, power factor correction, and battery energy storage are large in size, require complex wired connections, and are challenging to install, especially in decentralized setups due to the need for current transformers, which necessitates specialized personnel and increases installation time and error risk.
Innovation Solution
A wide-bandgap semiconductor-based converter with a DIN rail mounting structure that eliminates the need for wired connections to current transformers, using SiC or GaN active switching elements and integrated circuits to determine total harmonic voltage distortion for control, and features a wireless interface for data transmission, allowing for decentralized installation and operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If Si-based active switching elements are used in converters, then the converter can perform active harmonic filtering and power factor correction, but the converter size becomes large which severely limits mounting flexibility
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by transitioning from Si-based to wide-bandgap semiconductor materials (GaN or SiC) for the active switching elements. This material parameter change enables higher switching frequencies, which directly reduces the size of passive components like inductors and capacitors, thereby shrinking the overall converter volume while maintaining or improving filtering performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the dynamic capability of wide-bandgap semiconductors to operate at significantly higher switching frequencies compared to traditional Si-based devices. This dynamic operation at elevated frequencies allows for smaller magnetic and electric components, achieving compact converter designs without sacrificing active harmonic filtering capability
2Reliability
If wired connections to current transformers are required for converter operation, then control functions can be implemented, but specialized technical personnel and special tools are required for installation increasing complexity and installation time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical wired connection system with a wireless communication system. Instead of requiring physical connections between current transformers and converter terminals, the system uses wireless signals (such as RF or optical communication) to transmit measurement data, thereby eliminating complex wiring requirements and reducing installation complexity while maintaining control functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a wireless communication intermediary that mediates between the current transformer measurements and the converter control system. This intermediary enables data transmission without direct physical connections, simplifying the installation process by eliminating the need for specialized personnel to make complex wired connections while preserving the ability to perform control functions
3Reliability
If current transformers are installed on downstream sides of individual feeders for decentralized converter arrangement, then proper feedback can be provided, but installation becomes challenging especially on energized installations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical installation of current transformers on energized busbars with a wireless measurement and communication system. This substitution allows for easier installation on or near energized installations without requiring direct physical contact with live components, thereby improving installation ease while maintaining the ability to provide proper feedback for decentralized operation
4Reliability
If dedicated panels or standing cabinets are used for active harmonic filters, then the converter can be properly housed, but the footprint is increased and flexibility is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes through the use of wide-bandgap semiconductor devices that operate at higher switching frequencies, which reduces the size of passive components and allows the converter to be housed in compact form factors. This enables the elimination of large dedicated panels or standing cabinets, reducing the footprint to fit within standard electrical panels or smaller enclosures while maintaining proper housing and protection
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables compact, easily installable converters that can filter higher harmonics, reduce installation complexity, and improve filtering efficiency by positioning converters closer to loads, eliminating the need for specialized personnel and reducing the footprint of converter systems.
Implementation Method 1
The converter is a wide-bandgap semiconductor based converter having one or several active switching elements implemented by wide-bandgap semiconductor based components. The wide-bandgap semiconductor may be SiC or GaN.
Implementation Method 2
The converter circuit is adapted to determine a total harmonic voltage distortion, THvD, and to perform a control function based on the determined THvD.
Data Source
AI summary
A converter comprises a housing having a mounting structure for mounting the converter to a DIN rail. A converter circuit is disposed within the housing and comprises one or several wide-bandgap semiconductor based active switching element(s). The converter circuit is adapted to perform a total harmonic voltage distortion measurement and to perform a control function based thereon.