Wi-Fi Frame Extensions for Receiver Processing Delays

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

The increased number of tones in newer Wi-Fi standards, such as IEEE 802.11ax, leads to longer processing times for receivers, causing delays in data frame processing due to the additional processing required, which existing technologies have not adequately addressed.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of frame extensions in data frames, where the access point indicates the length of the frame extension, allowing receivers more time to process the data frames by extending the frame beyond the end of useful data, thereby reducing processing time.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a larger number of tones are processed and decoded in data frames, then data throughput is improved, but processing time for receivers increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata throughputVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the data frame into two distinct parts: a first portion containing the actual data and a second portion (frame extension) containing padding or extended data. This segmentation allows receivers to process the first portion separately and complete decoding before the second portion arrives, thereby maintaining high data throughput while reducing the critical processing time requirement. The frame extension acts as a buffer that decouples the data delivery time from the processing completion time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If additional processing time is provided for receivers, then processing efficiency is improved, but the short interframe space (SIFS) timing is affected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing efficiencyVSAvoidSIFS timing
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDuration of action of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a temporal dimension by extending the frame in the time domain through the frame extension portion. Instead of lengthening the SIFS interval, the invention adds time within the frame structure itself. The frame extension allows the data frame to occupy more time resources without modifying the fixed SIFS timing between frames, effectively adding a dimension to the frame structure that provides processing time while preserving the original interframe timing constraints.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Reliability

If frame extensions are added to data frames, then processing time requirements are met, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing time requirementsVSAvoidframe structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameter of frame length by introducing a variable frame extension portion. The length of this extension can be dynamically adjusted based on the specific processing requirements of different receivers and different data frames. By making the frame extension parameter adjustable rather than fixed, the system can meet varying processing time requirements without permanently increasing the complexity of all frame structures. Receivers can be configured to handle different extension lengths, and the transmitting device can adapt the frame extension size to match the actual processing needs, thereby balancing reliability requirements with device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3447949A1Wi-fi frames including frame extensions
Publication Date: 2019.02.27 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3447949A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3447949A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3447949A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to Wi-Fi systems including frame extensions in transmission frames. Lengths of frame extensions may be determined based on transmission bandwidths and transmission data rates of the frames. Lengths of frame extensions may also be determined based on an amount of useful data in a final symbol of the frame. An access point (AP) may determine frame extension lengths for use in transmitting to stations (STAs) based on reception capabilities of the STAs. An AP may determine frame extension lengths for STAs to use in transmitting frames.