Wind Farm Control Method for Grid Voltage Stabilization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wind farm control methods during grid disturbances are not optimized as they lack communication between elements, leading to inadequate operation and potential negative impacts on the grid, as each element responds independently without access to measurements at the point of common coupling, resulting in suboptimal compliance with grid requirements.
Innovation Solution
A dynamic and recurrent control method for wind farms that determines the presence or absence of voltage disturbances, implementing a control phase during disturbances and a stabilization phase after their disappearance, ensuring coordinated power control at the point of common coupling to stabilize the grid voltage, with local controllers communicating with a farm controller to manage generating units and reactive power.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If local control is implemented in each wind turbine and reactive compensation unit without communication between elements, then each element can respond quickly to grid disturbances, but the overall wind farm operation is not optimized and compliance with grid requirements at the point of common coupling cannot be assured
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the control functions of individual wind turbines and reactive compensation units into a unified farm-level control system. The central controller aggregates data from all elements and coordinates their actions to achieve both fast local response and optimized overall compliance with grid requirements at the point of common coupling.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the central controller receives real-time measurements from all wind turbines and reactive compensation units, processes this information, and sends coordinated control commands back to each element. This closed-loop feedback system ensures that individual quick responses are harmonized to meet overall grid compliance requirements.
2Reliability
If greater controllable generation capacity is installed in the wind farm to cover worst case scenarios, then compliance with grid requirements can be assured, but the complexity and cost of the wind farm increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs dynamic control strategies that adapt to real-time grid conditions and wind farm state. Rather than installing excess capacity for worst-case scenarios, the system dynamically adjusts the output of each wind turbine and reactive compensation unit based on current measurements, allowing optimal compliance without additional hardware complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes operational parameters of existing wind turbines and compensation units in real-time based on grid conditions. By dynamically adjusting power output, reactive power injection, and other controllable parameters, the system achieves compliance with grid requirements without needing additional generation capacity or complex hardware configurations.
3Loss of information
If estimation methods are used to predict wind farm behavior based on individual element states, then operation can be monitored, but the estimation does not always represent the actual state of the wind farm
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces estimation-based monitoring with direct feedback from sensors at the point of common coupling and from each controllable element. The central controller receives actual measurement data rather than relying on extrapolations, ensuring accurate representation of the wind farm's real-time state and precise verification of compliance with grid requirements.
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
Control method for a wind farm connected to a power grid (1) and comprising a plurality of generating units (2). The presence or absence of a voltage disturbance in the grid (1) is determined with the method, and when the presence of a disturbance is determined, the generating units (2) are controlled during said presence so that they generate the required power and the wind farm (100) thereby participates in stabilizing the grid (1). Furthermore, in the method, when the disappearance of said disturbance is determined, the required power continues to be generated with the generating units (2) for a limited time interval in order to provide a smooth and controlled transient until the voltage of the grid (1) stabilizes. Wind farm connected to a grid (1) and comprising a plurality of generating units (2).