Wind Farm Voltage and Current Control for Grid Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Decentralized wind farms with converter-controlled feeding units pose challenges for grid stability, as traditional frequency-dependent control methods may not adequately address changing grid behaviors, and existing controller switchover solutions may not be sufficient to manage all grid changes or requirements.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a method where wind farms operate with both voltage-influencing and current-influencing units, allowing for simultaneous power exchange with the electrical supply grid, with voltage-influencing units controlling voltage and current-influencing units controlling current, enabling dynamic closed-loop control and adaptive power management to support grid stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional frequency-dependent control methods are used in decentralized wind farms with converter-controlled feeding units, then the control system is simple to implement, but the grid stability cannot be adequately maintained due to changing grid behaviors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by implementing a controller that can dynamically switch between different control modes (voltage-influencing and current-influencing) based on real-time grid conditions. This allows the wind farm to adapt its control strategy to changing grid behaviors, transforming a static control system into a dynamic one that responds to varying operational requirements and maintains grid stability under different scenarios.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by altering the control mode parameters of the feeding-in devices based on grid conditions. The controller adjusts whether devices operate in voltage-influencing mode or current-influencing mode, changing the fundamental control parameters to match grid requirements. This enables the system to handle different grid scenarios effectively, from normal operation to fault conditions.
2Adaptability or versatility
If controller switchover is implemented to address changed grid requirements, then some grid changes can be addressed, but not all grid changes or requirements can be sufficiently managed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the wind farm's feeding-in devices into distinct groups: voltage-influencing units and current-influencing units. This segmentation allows each group to specialize in specific control functions and respond to different grid conditions. The controller can selectively activate appropriate units based on grid requirements, providing comprehensive coverage for various grid scenarios through this structured division of functional responsibilities.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements universality by designing a control system that can perform multiple functions through a single integrated controller. The controller manages both voltage-influencing and current-influencing operations, adapts to different grid conditions, and coordinates multiple feeding-in devices. This multi-functional approach enables the system to handle diverse grid requirements including frequency regulation, voltage support, and fault management within a unified control framework.
3Ease of operation
If only current-influencing units are used in the wind farm, then the control system is straightforward, but the ability to provide comprehensive grid support and stability is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by implementing a controller that can dynamically switch between different control modes (voltage-influencing and current-influencing) based on real-time grid conditions. This allows the wind farm to adapt its control strategy to changing grid behaviors, transforming a static control system into a dynamic one that responds to varying operational requirements and maintains grid stability under different scenarios.
4Device complexity
If wind farms only reduce or briefly increase real power fed in for grid control, then the control mechanism is simple, but the effectiveness in addressing fundamental grid behavior changes is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by altering the control mode parameters of the feeding-in devices based on grid conditions. The controller adjusts whether devices operate in voltage-influencing mode or current-influencing mode, changing the fundamental control parameters to match grid requirements. This enables the system to handle different grid scenarios effectively, from normal operation to fault conditions.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for operating a wind power installation or a wind farm with a number of wind power installations for exchanging electrical power between the wind farm and an electrical supply grid. Each wind power installation has one or more feeding-in devices. The wind power installation or the wind farm is connected to the electrical supply grid by a grid connection point. The power is exchanged by way of the grid connection point. One or more of the feeding-in devices operate as voltage-influencing units and one or more of the feeding-in devices operate as current-influencing units. The voltage-influencing units and the current-influencing units also operate in a voltage-influencing and current-influencing manner during undisturbed operation of the electrical supply grid.