Wind Park Voltage Regulation via Distributed Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wind farms with diverse wind turbines face challenges in reactive power management, leading to delayed readjustments and poor behavior during rapid voltage changes due to limited communication network speeds, especially in retrofitting scenarios with different types or manufacturers of turbines.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a method that combines a reactive power controller and an additional voltage controller to form a common control signal for the converter, allowing for faster reactive power adjustments and voltage regulation, thereby enhancing dynamic behavior and stability by anticipating voltage changes without relying on delayed transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Extent of automation
If reactive power setpoints are transmitted centrally via communication network, then centralized control is achieved, but delays occur due to limited transmission speed
Solution Approach 1:
The control system is segmented into a centralized park master for overall coordination and distributed voltage controllers at each wind turbine for local execution. This segmentation allows the park master to set target voltages without waiting for feedback loops, while individual turbines independently adjust their reactive power output, eliminating the delay caused by centralized setpoint transmission.
Solution Approach 2:
The park master pre-calculates and transmits target voltage values to all wind turbines in advance based on grid requirements and turbine characteristics. Each turbine receives these preliminary voltage targets and immediately begins adjustment without waiting for iterative communication cycles, enabling proactive rather than reactive control.
2Speed
If voltage setpoints are transmitted to wind turbines, then fast transmission is achieved, but implementation is difficult for diverse turbine types
Solution Approach 1:
The control system uses a universal voltage-based control interface that can be applied to any wind turbine type regardless of manufacturer or model. The park master generates standardized voltage setpoints that are universally compatible, while each turbine's local controller adapts these setpoints to its specific characteristics through automated parameter optimization, eliminating the need for turbine-specific control implementations.
3Stability of the object's composition
If reactive power is regulated centrally, then coordination is improved, but dynamic response to rapid voltage changes is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements dynamic control where each wind turbine continuously monitors its own voltage conditions and rapidly adjusts reactive power output in real-time based on local measurements. The park master dynamically updates target voltage setpoints as grid conditions change, enabling the system to respond immediately to rapid voltage fluctuations without being constrained by centralized control cycles.
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
The invention relates to a wind park and a method for operating a wind park having at least two wind energy systems (1), each comprising a generator (15) having a converter (17) for generating electrical energy and a control system (2), a park master (8) that is designed for active and idle power control and that transmits a control signal for idle power via a communications network (7) to the wind energy systems (1), and a connection network (3) that connects the wind energy systems (1) to one another, wherein the wind energy system (1) comprises an idle power regulator, at the input of which an idle power target value is stored. The invention proposes that, in addition to the idle power regulator, a supplementary regulator be disposed on the wind energy systems, at the input of which a signal for a target voltage is stored and that emits control signals for the converter (17) in order to change the generated idle power so as to regulate the voltage output by the wind energy systems (1).