Wind Power Frequency Damping for Oscillation-Free Grid Support

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Solution Overview

Problem

Frequency fluctuations outside the deadband in power networks cause oscillatory active power output in wind power plants, leading to inadequate network support and potential damage.

Innovation Solution

A method for controlling renewable energy power plants, such as wind power plants, by monitoring frequency inflections and applying a damping control scheme to stabilize power characteristics, setting target values and ramp rates based on detected inflections until specific conditions are met, thereby mitigating oscillations and supporting network frequency return to the deadband.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If frequency-dependent control is applied to support the power network during frequency deviations, then network support is improved, but oscillatory power output occurs causing power plant damage

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvenetwork supportVSAvoidoscillatory power output

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary damping controller between the frequency signal and the power plant controller. This damping controller detects frequency inflections and generates damping signals that modulate the power plant's active power output, effectively mediating between the frequency deviations and the power plant response to eliminate oscillations while maintaining network support

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback by continuously monitoring the frequency signal for inflections and using this information to adjust the power plant's power output in real-time. The damping controller receives frequency measurements, detects inflection points, and provides feedback signals to modify the setpoint power output, creating a closed-loop control system that suppresses oscillations

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

2Power

If active power output levels are changed to counteract frequency deviation, then frequency support is provided, but oscillations in power output develop during frequency fluctuations

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefrequency supportVSAvoidpower output stability

Core Design Contradiction:

PowerVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the power plant's control response adaptive rather than static. The damping controller dynamically adjusts the power output based on the detected frequency inflections, changing the control behavior from simple frequency-dependent modulation to a dynamic response that accounts for the rate and direction of frequency changes, thereby stabilizing power output during fluctuations

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

3Speed

If frequency-dependent control is implemented, then network frequency return to deadband is accelerated, but power plant damage risk increases due to oscillations

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefrequency return speedVSAvoidpower plant safety

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary anti-action by detecting frequency inflections before they can cause harmful oscillations to build up. The damping controller anticipates potential oscillatory behavior by monitoring frequency trends and applies counteracting damping signals in advance, preventing the development of damaging power fluctuations while maintaining rapid frequency response

Inventive Principle:

Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

Data Source

PatentUS20240162711A1Methods and systems for damping power oscillations during frequency fluctuations

Publication Date: 2024.05.16 VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS AS

AI summary

Controlling a renewable energy power plant, such as a wind power plant, when a frequency level of a power network, to which the power plant is connected, is outside of a frequency deadband. Aspects of the invention may be used to control the active power output of a wind energy power plant and to dampen oscillations in the controlled power characteristic when the frequency level of the connected power network is fluctuating outside of the frequency deadband.