Wind Turbine Tower Additive Manufacturing with Dual Cure Rates

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for manufacturing wind turbine towers are limited by transportation regulations and require extensive labor and time, as they often involve shipping large pre-fabricated sections or on-site assembly of arc segments.

Innovation Solution

A method using additive manufacturing with multiple materials having different cure rates, where a fast-curing frame shape is printed first, followed by a slower-curing primary material for support, and potentially reinforced with additional materials within voids, utilizing robotic arms and printer heads to control the deposition process.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If pre-fabricated concrete sections or steel tubes are shipped to site and assembled, then the tower structure can be constructed with proven materials, but transportation regulations limit the diameter to 4-5 meters and extensive labor is required for on-site assembly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of manufactureVSAvoiddiameter of tower sections
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSLength of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The tower structure is divided into multiple arc segments that are manufactured separately and then assembled on-site. Each arc segment is a manageable size that can be transported and handled, yet when joined together they form the complete circular tower structure with the required large diameter.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The tower sections are manufactured in a radial/arc configuration rather than as complete circles. This dimensional approach allows the structure to be built in manageable angular segments that can be transported and assembled, effectively bypassing the diameter limitation by working in the angular dimension instead.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Length of moving object

If arc segments are formed and secured together on site via bolting, then transportation limitations are overcome, but extensive labor and time are required for assembly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvediameter of tower sectionsVSAvoidassembly time
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple arc segments are combined and secured together to form the complete tower structure. The segments are joined using bolting or welding mechanisms that integrate them into a unified structural unit, reducing assembly complexity and time compared to traditional methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Device complexity

If single material with uniform cure rate is used in additive manufacturing, then the printing process is simpler, but the tower structure cannot provide adequate support during multi-material printing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprinting process complexityVSAvoidstructural support strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

Different regions of the tower structure receive different materials with appropriate cure rates. The frame structure receives fast-curing material for immediate support, while interior regions receive slow-curing material for final strength, optimizing both construction feasibility and structural performance in different locations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The tower structure is constructed as a composite of multiple materials with different properties. The fast-curing material provides immediate structural support and shape, while the slow-curing material provides final strength and durability, creating a composite structure that leverages the advantages of each material.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Strength

If fast-curing material is used for frame structure, then support is provided quickly for subsequent materials, but the overall printing time is extended due to slower-curing primary material

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural support strengthVSAvoidoverall printing time
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The frame structure is printed first with fast-curing material to establish the basic geometry and provide immediate support. This preliminary action creates a stable scaffold that enables subsequent printing operations to proceed without waiting for the entire structure to cure, optimizing the construction sequence.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The printing process continues without interruption by printing the slow-curing material into the interior of the fast-curing frame structure. The fast-curing material allows the printing operation to continue continuously while it cures, rather than requiring waiting periods, maintaining productive action throughout the process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces overall printing time and construction costs while providing a strong and efficient tower structure, capable of withstanding structural and external loads.

Implementation Method 1

The first material has a first cure rate. The method also includes allowing the portion of the frame shape of the tower structure to at least partially solidify.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCuring: Photopolymerisation

Implementation Method 2

The second material has a second cure rate, the second cure rate slower than the first cure rate. Moreover, the method includes allowing the second material to at least partially solidify so as to form the tower structure.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCuring: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentEP3857056B1Methods for manufacturing wind turbine tower structure using materials with different cure rates
Publication Date: 2024.01.24 GENERAL ELECTRIC RENOVABLES ESPANA SL
  • EP3857056B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3857056B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3857056B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method for manufacturing a tower structure of a wind turbine includes additively printing at least a portion of a frame shape of the tower structure of the wind turbine of a first material on a foundation of the tower structure. Further, the first material has a first cure rate. The method also includes allowing the portion of the frame shape to at least partially solidify. The method includes providing a second material around and/or within the portion of the frame shape such that the portion of the frame shape provides support for the second material. The second material includes a cementitious material having a second cure rate that is slower than the first cure rate, with the different cure rates reducing the net printing time for the overall structure. Moreover, the method includes allowing the second material to at least partially solidify so as to form the tower structure.