Wind Turbine Blade Root Insert with Grooved Metal Bushing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional root inserts in wind turbines face challenges in optimally distributing loads at the blade joint, leading to increased stresses and fatigue, particularly with larger rotor blades, necessitating an enhanced design for improved load distribution and reduced weight.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of root inserts featuring a metal bushing with grooves, a core, and multiple layers with varying fiber orientations, where each layer is wrapped around the bushing and core, creating a geometric interlock to enhance load intake capability while maintaining a competitive cost.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional root inserts are used in wind turbine blades, then the structure is simple and manufacturing is easy, but the load distribution at blade joints is suboptimal leading to increased stresses and fatigue

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblade joint fatigue resistanceVSAvoidroot insert structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The root insert employs a composite structure combining a metal bushing with multiple fiber-reinforced polymer layers. The metal bushing provides structural framework and load bearing, while the polymer layers with different fiber orientations (0°, 90°, ±45°) provide fatigue resistance and stress distribution. This composite approach resolves the contradiction by achieving superior reliability through material composition rather than simple geometric complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the root insert have different material properties optimized for specific functions. The metal bushing core provides rigid structural support at the center, while the surrounding polymer layers with varying fiber orientations provide graduated stress distribution. The grooves on the metal bushing surface create localized bonding zones that enhance load transfer to the blade root laminate, addressing fatigue resistance without requiring uniform complexity throughout the structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Power

If larger rotor blades are used to increase energy production, then the energy capacity increases, but the loads and stresses at blade joints increase resulting in fatigue

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy productionVSAvoidblade joint fatigue resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The multi-layer composite root insert is specifically designed to handle the increased loads from larger blades. The metal bushing provides a rigid framework that distributes concentrated loads, while the multiple polymer layers with different fiber orientations create a gradient of stress distribution throughout the blade root laminate, preventing fatigue propagation even under the higher loads generated by larger, more powerful blades.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The solution addresses the one-dimensional problem of increased load magnitude by introducing multi-dimensional stress distribution through layers with different fiber orientations. Instead of simply increasing the size of a single uniform structure, the invention distributes loads across multiple dimensions (different angles and layers), effectively managing the stresses generated by larger rotor blades without compromising reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Strength

If conventional root inserts with uniform structure are used, then manufacturing is straightforward, but the load intake capability is insufficient for larger blades

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveload intake capacityVSAvoidroot insert design
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The root insert features localized variations in structure and material properties. The metal bushing includes grooves at specific locations to enhance bonding with the blade root laminate. The polymer layers have different fiber orientations positioned at different depths and angles, creating local zones optimized for specific stress directions. This localized optimization achieves high load intake capacity without requiring uniform complexity throughout the entire structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The composite construction combining metal and polymer materials with different mechanical properties allows each material to contribute its strengths. The metal bushing provides tensile strength and structural rigidity, while the polymer layers provide fatigue resistance and stress distribution. This material composite approach achieves superior load intake capacity that would be difficult to obtain with a single uniform material structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Data Source

PatentEP3421781B1A root insert and a wind turbine having wind turbine blades with root inserts
Publication Date: 2020.11.11 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP3421781B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3421781B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3A
  • EP3421781B1 patent drawingFigure 3B

AI summary

A wind turbine 10 is presented. The wind turbine 10 includes a tower 14, a rotor 22 coupled to the tower, and a plurality of blades 25,27,28 coupled to the rotor, wherein each of the plurality of blades comprises a root 30 and a plurality of root inserts 214 positioned circumferentially along the root. Each of the root inserts 214 includes a metal bushing 206 including an outer surface and a plurality of grooves 208 formed at least on the outer surface, a core 206 coupled to the metal bushing, and a plurality of layers wrapped around the metal bushing and the core, wherein a layer of the plurality of layers comprises a different fiber orientation from a fiber orientation of another layer of the plurality of layers.