Wind Turbine Seismic Load Reduction via Adaptive Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Wind turbines in seismic regions face significant economic and technical challenges due to high seismic loads, which can lead to structural failures and increased costs, as conventional methods either require costly redesign or idling the turbine during earthquakes.

Innovation Solution

A method and system for a wind turbine that measures seismic excitation and enters an alternate control mode to reduce seismic loads through improved damping, frequency modification, and aerodynamic adjustments, allowing the turbine to operate stably during seismic events without substantial design changes or idling.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If the design of the wind turbine support structure is altered to avoid seismic frequencies, then seismic load resistance is improved, but manufacturing cost and device complexity increase considerably

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseismic load resistanceVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the support structure adjustable and adaptable through control systems. The structure transitions from a static design to a dynamic one that can modify its characteristics in response to seismic events, using actuators and control algorithms to adjust stiffness and damping properties without requiring over-engineered static structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes physical parameters of the support structure dynamically, such as stiffness, damping, and natural frequency, through controlled actuation. By modifying these parameters in real-time during seismic events, the structure optimizes its seismic resistance without requiring permanent costly redesigns.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Strength

If the wind turbine is idled during seismic events, then structural damage is reduced, but productivity and power production are lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural integrityVSAvoidpower production
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback control by continuously monitoring seismic activity and turbine response through sensors. The control system processes this information and adjusts the support structure in real-time to maintain optimal performance during seismic events, allowing the turbine to remain operational without risking structural damage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts operational parameters and structural characteristics during seismic events, transitioning from a static idle state to an active adaptive state that maintains both safety and productivity through real-time control modifications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional support structure design is used in high seismic activity regions, then manufacturing cost is controlled, but reliability and structural safety are compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costVSAvoidstructural safety
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the support structure from a static conventional design to a dynamic adaptive system that enhances reliability during seismic events through real-time control, rather than relying on over-designed static structures that compromise manufacturing efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

By dynamically changing structural parameters such as stiffness and damping in response to seismic activity, the system achieves enhanced structural safety without requiring the excessive manufacturing costs associated with conventional over-engineered designs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Strength

If RNA redesign is performed for site-specific load calculations, then seismic load resistance is improved, but device complexity and development time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseismic load resistanceVSAvoidredesign complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics to the RNA support structure by implementing adjustable and adaptive characteristics through control systems, allowing the structure to optimize its seismic resistance without requiring complete redesigns for each site-specific load calculation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system provides universal applicability through a standardized adaptive control framework that can be applied across different sites and load conditions, eliminating the need for separate redesigns for each site-specific seismic load calculation while maintaining optimal performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively reduces seismic loads on wind turbines by actively controlling vibrations and damping, preventing structural failures and maintaining operation during earthquakes, thus reducing costs and enhancing feasibility in seismic regions.

Implementation Method 1

measuring an excitation of one of the foundation, the tower base and/or a proxy thereof

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVibration measurement: Vibration

Implementation Method 2

entering an alternate mode of control of the wind turbine for reducing the seismic load on the wind turbine

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDamping: Damping

Data Source

PatentEP4257821A1Reducing seismic loads that act on a wind turbine
Publication Date: 2023.10.11 SIEMENS GAMESA RENEWABLE ENERGY AS
  • EP4257821A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4257821A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4257821A1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A method of reducing seismic load acting on a wind turbine (100) during a seismic load causing event, wherein the wind turbine (100) comprises a foundation (110), a tower base (112), a tower (120) and a wind rotor (130), which is arranged at a top portion of the tower (120) and which comprises at least one blade (131), the method comprising: measuring an excitation of the foundation (110), the tower base (112) and/or a proxy thereof; determining if the measured excitation exceeds an earthquake threshold value (201); and if the measured excitation exceeds the earthquake threshold value (201), entering an alternate mode of control of the wind turbine (100) for seismic events for reducing the seismic load on the wind turbine (100).