Device and method for controlling a window or window shading device based on measurements and a setpoint
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing Building Management Systems (BMS) face challenges in accurately controlling indoor temperature and humidity using window shading devices due to the complexity of factors influencing room temperature, such as thermal capacity, heat exchange, solar radiation, and human presence, leading to inefficient energy use and comfort issues.
Innovation Solution
A device that controls window shading devices by integrating temperature sensors, outdoor temperature measurements, and a room temperature model to calculate optimal states based on setpoints, thermal capacity, heat transfer coefficients, and solar radiation predictions, while also considering human presence through CO2 and luminosity sensors to adjust for humidity and CO2 levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If window shading devices are used to control indoor temperature by blocking sunlight, then energy consumption of heating/cooling systems is reduced, but the ability to maintain precise temperature control deteriorates due to multiple influencing factors
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously monitors indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, and solar radiation levels, using this feedback to dynamically adjust window shading device states. This closed-loop control compensates for the complexity of thermal dynamics by constantly adapting to changing conditions, thereby maintaining temperature precision while maximizing energy savings.
Solution Approach 2:
The system predicts future temperature trends based on current conditions and pre-adjusts window shading devices before temperature deviations occur. By anticipating solar radiation patterns and thermal responses, the system proactively maintains temperature setpoints, reducing the need for reactive heating/cooling interventions.
2Device complexity
If a simple temperature control approach is used, then device complexity is reduced, but the ability to account for multiple factors (thermal capacity, heat exchange, solar radiation, human presence) deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The control system integrates multiple sensing functions (temperature, solar radiation, occupancy detection) and control capabilities (window shading, heating, cooling) into a single unified platform. This multi-functional system handles diverse thermal influences through a common control architecture, achieving high adaptability without proportionally increasing overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces an intelligent control unit that acts as an intermediary between multiple sensors and actuators. This mediator processes information from various sources (temperature sensors, solar radiation sensors, occupancy detectors) and coordinates appropriate responses, simplifying the complexity by centralizing decision-making logic rather than requiring direct connections between all components.
3Measurement precision
If heating and cooling systems are used intensively to maintain temperature, then temperature control precision is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system converts solar radiation, which can be harmful when it causes overheating, into a beneficial heating source during cooler periods. By strategically allowing sunlight entry when temperatures are low and blocking it when temperatures are high, the system transforms solar energy from a potential problem into a useful resource, reducing dependence on conventional heating/cooling systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs periodic adjustments of window shading devices based on circadian patterns of solar radiation and typical occupancy schedules. Rather than continuous operation of heating/cooling systems, the system uses rhythmic shading adjustments to passively regulate temperature, significantly reducing energy consumption while maintaining comfort through natural thermal cycles.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables precise and energy-efficient control of indoor temperature and humidity, adapting to room-specific characteristics and reducing the reliance on heating and cooling systems, thereby enhancing comfort and reducing energy consumption.
Implementation Method 1
measurements from a temperature sensor inside the room
Implementation Method 2
values of an outdoor temperature outside the room
Implementation Method 3
considering human presence through CO2 and luminosity sensors
Implementation Method 4
luminosity sensors to adjust for humidity and CO2 levels
Implementation Method 5
the state of a window shading device modifies the amount of sunlight that enters the room
Implementation Method 6
the room can be heated by the highest possible amount of solar radiation
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a device to control a window or a window shading device, based on at least indoor temperature or indoor humidity, and a temperature setpoint or a humidity setpoint. The devices of the invention have a number of interesting applications, such as the control of temperature or humidity in the room. The invention also discloses embodiments including the detection of the presence or absence of a human being in the room.