Winter Tire Tread Layout for Grip on Smooth and Rough Ice

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Winter tires face a challenge in balancing good grip on both smooth ice and roughened ice, as features that enhance grip on one surface often compromise the other.

Innovation Solution

The tire design features shoulder-side and middle blocks with specific incisions and microgrooves that create small, flexible contact surfaces for enhanced grip on snow and rough ice, while maintaining a larger contact area for smooth ice through precise alignment and spacing of these features.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If blocks are provided with deep incisions and microgrooves to enhance grip on snow and rough ice, then grip on snow and rough ice is improved, but contact area on smooth ice is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrip on snow and rough iceVSAvoidcontact area on smooth ice
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The tread pattern applies different features to different blocks: shoulder-side blocks have incisions extending fully to the axial direction for maximum grip on rough surfaces, while middle blocks have incisions with limited axial extension to preserve contact area. This local differentiation resolves the contradiction by optimizing each block type for its specific function in the overall grip performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If incisions and microgrooves are added to blocks to improve grip on roughened ice, then grip on roughened ice is enhanced, but the contact area for smooth ice is minimized

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrip on roughened iceVSAvoidcontact area on smooth ice
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent differentiates between shoulder-side blocks and middle blocks in terms of incision design. Shoulder-side blocks feature full-length incisions for maximum rough ice grip, while middle blocks have incisions with limited axial extension, creating a gradient of features that balances rough ice grip with smooth ice contact area preservation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of applying full-length incisions to all blocks (excessive action), the patent applies them selectively to shoulder-side blocks only (partial action). This partial application achieves the necessary grip enhancement on rough ice while minimizing the negative impact on smooth ice contact area.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Reliability

If blocks are designed with multiple incisions and microgrooves for better snow grip, then snow grip is improved, but power transmission to the surface is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesnow gripVSAvoidpower transmission to the surface
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates local quality variations by providing shoulder-side blocks with full-length incisions for snow grip while limiting middle block incisions. This spatial differentiation allows the tire to achieve snow grip through shoulder blocks while middle blocks maintain larger contact areas for power transmission, resolving the contradiction between these two functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design enables excellent grip on both smooth and rough ice by allowing flexible force transfer to fine structures, while minimizing the reduction in contact area on smooth ice.

Implementation Method 1

The microgrooves are designed to ensure the drainage of the water film, while still providing good power transmission to the surface as well as good wet braking and snow grip

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Implementation Method 2

The funnel-shaped widening improves water absorption and drainage into the transverse grooves

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Implementation Method 3

The microgrooves are designed to ensure the drainage of the water film

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface tension: Surface Tension

Data Source

PatentEP4321350B1Pneumatic tyre for vehicles
Publication Date: 2025.10.15 CONTINENTAL REIFEN DEUTSCHLAND GMBH
  • EP4321350B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

Vehicle tires, in particular winter tires for passenger cars, with a tread comprising axially extending shoulder-side blocks (6) with predominantly parallel block edges (2) and with central blocks (1) with predominantly parallel block edges (2) between the shoulder-side blocks (6). The shoulder-side blocks (6) and the central blocks (1) are each provided with at least two parallel incisions (3) in plan view. The shoulder-side blocks (6) and the central blocks (1) are each provided with several parallel microgrooves (4) in plan view, the microgrooves (4) extending parallel to the incisions (3) and without intersecting them.The shoulder-side blocks (6) and the middle blocks (1) are each provided with at least two transverse micro-grooves (5) running parallel to each other in plan view and extending predominantly in circumferential view of the vehicle pneumatic tire, with a width of 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm and a depth of 0.6 mm to 3 mm.