Wire Electrode Joule Heating Control for Welding Fume Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional gas metal arc welding processes result in the overheating of wire electrodes, leading to the release of harmful welding fumes and limited control over the deposition rate, posing health risks to welders and restricting the welding of temperature-sensitive materials.

Innovation Solution

The method involves adjusting parameters such as the current contact point and free wire length to influence Joule heat, allowing for targeted heating of the wire electrode from both inside and outside, reducing overheating and enabling more precise control over the melting and deposition processes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the wire electrode is overheated to enable droplet detachment, then material transfer is enabled, but harmful welding fumes are released

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition rateVSAvoidwelding fumes
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The heating function is segmented into two independent sources: Joule heating (internal, distributed along the wire) and arc heating (external, localized at the arc root). This segmentation allows independent control of each heating mechanism, enabling the wire to be heated efficiently without excessive overheating that causes vaporization and fume generation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the heating parameters by introducing Joule heating as a controllable internal heat source through current flow in the wire electrode. By adjusting current parameters (amplitude, pulse shape, duty cycle), the wire temperature can be optimized for droplet detachment while minimizing excessive heating that leads to fume emission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If the deposition rate is increased by varying arc energy, then welding speed improves, but energy input into the workpiece increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition rateVSAvoidenergy input into workpiece
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The heating function is segmented into two independent sources: Joule heating (internal, distributed along the wire) and arc heating (external, localized at the arc root). This segmentation allows independent control of each heating mechanism, enabling the wire to be heated efficiently without excessive overheating that causes vaporization and fume generation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the heating parameters by introducing Joule heating as a controllable internal heat source through current flow in the wire electrode. By adjusting current parameters (amplitude, pulse shape, duty cycle), the wire temperature can be optimized for droplet detachment while minimizing excessive heating that leads to fume emission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-affected harmful factors

If extraction torches are used to capture emission particles, then health risks are reduced, but device complexity and handling difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehealth risk to welderVSAvoidextraction torch
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention converts the harmful effect of wire overheating (which generates fumes) into a beneficial controlled process. By using Joule heating to precisely control wire temperature, droplet detachment is achieved without excessive overheating, thereby eliminating the harmful fume generation at its source rather than attempting to capture it afterward.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The wire electrode serves multiple functions: it carries the arc, provides filler material, and generates its own heat through Joule heating. This self-heating capability reduces reliance on external heating and allows precise temperature control, minimizing fume generation without requiring additional extraction equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly reduces the release of harmful emissions, enhances work safety, and allows for the efficient welding of various materials, including temperature-sensitive ones, by decoupling the melting capacity from the energy input into the workpiece.

Implementation Method 1

adjusting at least one parameter that influences the Joule heating of the wire electrode (110)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

a wire electrode is energized with a welding current and melted by an electric arc

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric arc: Electric Arc

Data Source

PatentEP2810733B1Method for welding metal using protective gas
Publication Date: 2019.07.03 LINDE AG
  • EP2810733B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2810733B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2810733B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method for metal inert gas welding, wherein a wire electrode (110) is supplied with a welding current and the wire electrode (110) is melted by an arc (120), wherein at least one parameter which influences a Joule heat of the wire electrode (100) is set.