Wireless Address Profile Switching for MAC Traceability Protection

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wireless communication systems lack effective mechanisms to prevent bad actors from tracing or detecting device addresses, compromising privacy and security.

Innovation Solution

Implement address randomization schemes involving multiple address profiles and schedules, along with encryption and time synchronization functions, to dynamically change device addresses and transmission parameters, making them difficult to trace.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If address randomization schemes are implemented with multiple address profiles and switching schedules, then device traceability is reduced and privacy is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice traceabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system divides the address space into multiple address profiles (first address profile, second address profile, third address profile) that can be independently managed and switched. Each profile contains separate MAC addresses for different functional purposes, allowing the system to segment identity representation across multiple profiles rather than using a single static address

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements dynamic address switching by transitioning between different address profiles based on operational conditions. The AP and STA can switch from one address profile to another during operation, making the addresses dynamic rather than static, which prevents tracking while maintaining communication functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Measurement precision

If address profiles are switched based on scheduled times, then predictability of addresses is reduced, but coordination overhead between devices increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaddress predictabilityVSAvoidcoordination overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system establishes address switching schedules in advance before actual switching occurs. The AP and STA pre-coordinate the timing and conditions for switching between address profiles, so that when switching occurs, both parties are already synchronized and no additional coordination is needed at the moment of transition

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements periodic address profile switching based on predetermined time intervals or operational milestones. Address profiles are switched at regular intervals or after specific numbers of transmissions, creating a rhythmic pattern that is predictable for legitimate parties but appears random to observers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Adaptability or versatility

If new address profiles are established with multiple STAs, then privacy coverage is improved, but establishment time and processing overhead increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprivacy coverageVSAvoidestablishment time
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system creates address profiles that serve multiple STAs simultaneously rather than creating separate profiles for each individual STA. A single address profile can be shared among multiple STAs, allowing the same randomized address set to provide privacy protection across multiple devices without the overhead of individual profile management for each STA

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP4149140B1Address randomization schemes
Publication Date: 2026.04.08 APPLE INC
  • EP4149140B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4149140B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4149140B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

Embodiments are disclosed for address changing schemes in a wireless communications system. Some embodiments include an access point (AP) that can establish two or more address profiles with a station (STA), establish a schedule for switching from a first address profile to a second address profile, where the first and second address profiles are of the two or more address profiles, and transmit a first data transmission using the first address profile. Some embodiments include switching from the first address profile to the second address profile based on the schedule, and transmitting a second data transmission using the second address profile. The schedule can be based on a randomized time synchronization function (TSF). The AP can establish a joint algorithm with the STA, and use the joint algorithm determine the first and the second address profiles as well as transition times for the schedule.