Wireless Balancing Unit for Battery Cells
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cell balancing systems are complex, heavy, and difficult to upgrade due to the need for numerous wired connections, limiting their flexibility and scalability.
Innovation Solution
A decentralized battery cell balancing system using wireless communication and power transfer means, eliminating the need for wired connections between balancing units, allowing autonomous operation and flexible addition/removal of cells, with inductive coils for communication and power transfer.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If wired connections are used between balancing units and cells, then reliable power transfer and data communication are achieved, but system complexity, weight, and spatial requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical wired connection system with a wireless electromagnetic field-based power and data transfer system. The balancing units communicate and transfer power wirelessly through electromagnetic signals, eliminating the need for physical cables and connectors between cells and the BMS, thereby reducing system complexity while maintaining reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary wireless communication protocol and electromagnetic field as the medium for power and data transfer. This intermediary enables reliable communication and power transfer without direct physical contact, resolving the contradiction between reliability and system complexity
2Reliability
If wired connections are used between balancing units and cells, then stable power supply is ensured, but weight and spatial requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent substitutes heavy mechanical wired connections with lightweight wireless electromagnetic power transfer. The power is transmitted through electromagnetic fields rather than physical cables, significantly reducing the weight of the balancing system while maintaining stable power supply to the cells
3Loss of information
If centralized BMS topology is used, then comprehensive cell monitoring is achieved, but system complexity and installation difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the centralized BMS into distributed balancing units, each independently monitoring and managing its associated cell. This segmentation allows each unit to operate autonomously while collectively providing comprehensive cell monitoring, reducing installation complexity as units can be independently deployed without complex interconnections
Solution Approach 2:
Each balancing unit is designed to be self-sufficient, autonomously measuring its cell's state parameters and making balancing decisions without requiring complex centralized control. This self-service capability simplifies installation and reduces system complexity while maintaining comprehensive monitoring through the collective action of distributed units
4Measurement precision
If wired connections are used for cell balancing, then precise state parameter measurement is possible, but ease of maintenance and upgradeability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces wired connections with wireless communication for state parameter measurement and transmission. This substitution maintains measurement precision through accurate wireless sensing while dramatically improving maintenance ease, as balancing units can be upgraded, replaced, or adjusted without disconnecting or reconnecting physical cables
Solution Approach 2:
The wireless communication system allows for dynamic reconfiguration and easy adaptation of the balancing system. Units can be added, removed, or upgraded without fixed physical constraints, making the system highly maintainable and upgradeable while preserving precise measurement capabilities through continuous wireless data exchange
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system reduces complexity, weight, and spatial requirements, enabling flexible expansion and maintenance, optimizing power transfer efficiency, and allowing remote access to cell parameters.
Implementation Method 1
the power transfer means making it possible to send power to the adjacent balancing units or to receive power coming from the adjacent balancing units
Implementation Method 2
the communication means of each balancing unit making it possible to send its state parameters to the adjacent balancing units and to receive the state parameters from the adjacent balancing units
Data Source
AI summary
A balancing unit is installed on a battery cell, and includes an element for measuring state parameters of the cell, a wireless communication element, making it possible to send and receive state parameters, and a wireless power transfer element.