Wireless Beam Scheduling for MPE-Compliant Object Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wireless communications systems face challenges in complying with maximum permissible exposure (MPE) regulations due to the potential for high power density radiation from directional beams, especially in FR2 and FR3, which can exceed safety limits when human tissues are in the beam path.
Innovation Solution
The system employs separate detection and classification beams for object detection and identification, using millimeter-wave or sub-terahertz frequencies, with grants scheduling these beams to ensure compliance with MPE regulations by adjusting transmission power and duty cycle based on object classification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If directional beams with high power density are used in FR2 and FR3, then communication efficiency is improved, but MPE regulations are violated due to excessive radiation exposure to human tissues
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs object detection and classification before transmitting directional beams. The UE receives configuration for detection beams and classification beams, attempts to detect and classify objects in the beam path, and only transmits after determining it is safe to do so. This preliminary action prevents MPE violations by identifying human tissues before high-power transmission occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces detection beams and classification beams as intermediary mechanisms between the UE and the main communication beams. These intermediary beams operate at lower power levels to safely detect and classify objects without causing MPE violations, acting as a buffer that enables safe subsequent transmission.
2Measurement precision
If separate detection beams and classification beams are used, then object identification accuracy is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the beam transmission process into separate functional segments: detection beams for object presence detection and classification beams for object identification. This segmentation allows each beam type to be optimized for its specific function, improving overall detection accuracy while maintaining manageable system complexity through clear functional separation.
Solution Approach 2:
The UE utilizes a single set of antenna elements to perform multiple functions: transmitting detection beams, transmitting classification beams, and receiving communication signals. This multi-functionality approach improves object identification accuracy through separate detection and classification phases while avoiding the complexity of dedicated hardware for each function.
3Reliability
If object detection and classification are performed before transmission, then MPE compliance is improved, but transmission delay increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs periodic object detection and classification before transmission opportunities. The UE receives periodic configuration for detection and classification beams and performs these operations at scheduled intervals. This periodic approach ensures MPE compliance through regular safety checks while minimizing transmission delays by establishing predictable transmission windows.
Solution Approach 2:
The UE performs object detection and classification in advance during configuration phases, receiving detection beam configurations and classification beam configurations before actual transmission opportunities arise. This preliminary action ensures MPE compliance is established beforehand, reducing real-time decision delays during transmission windows.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. Techniques described herein provide for maximum permissible exposure compliance. In some examples, a user equipment (UE) may transmit information that pertains to at least one of object detection or object classification. The UE may receive, responsive to the information, a grant that schedules object detection via one or more detection beams. The one or more detection beams may be indicated to the UE separate from one or more classification beams. The UE may attempt to detect an object using the one or more detection beams. In some examples, the UE may attempt to classify the object using the one or more classification beams.