Wireless Coil Charging Control for High-Efficiency Power Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wireless energy transmission systems face inefficiencies as they often operate outside the optimal power range, leading to reduced efficiency when power consumption approaches zero, causing the system's efficiency to collapse.
Innovation Solution
An MCU on the secondary side uses an ADC to monitor the charging voltage of a capacitor and communicates via a separate data interface to regulate energy transfer from the primary side, ensuring energy transfer occurs within a high power range by requesting maximum power delivery or pausing when the charge is full, thereby maintaining efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If the current drawn is reduced to lower power consumption, then the power consumption decreases, but the efficiency collapses and tends toward zero
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements periodic action by alternating between energy transfer phases and pause phases. During energy transfer, maximum power is delivered to charge the capacitor efficiently. When the capacitor reaches full charge, the system pauses energy transfer to avoid operating in the low-efficiency low-power range. This periodic switching between active transfer and pause states resolves the contradiction by ensuring the system only operates at high efficiency during the active transfer phase, rather than continuously operating at low power where efficiency collapses.
2Loss of energy
If maximum power delivery is used for energy transfer, then the efficiency is maintained high, but the system cannot adapt to varying charge states
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies dynamics by making the power delivery adaptive rather than static. The MCU dynamically adjusts the energy transfer based on real-time capacitor charge state monitoring. When the capacitor is not full, maximum power delivery is used to maintain high efficiency. When the capacitor reaches full charge, the system dynamically switches to a pause state. This dynamic adaptation resolves the contradiction between maintaining high efficiency through maximum power delivery and adapting to varying charge states.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback by continuously monitoring the capacitor's charge state and using this information to regulate energy transfer. The ADC measures the capacitor voltage, and the MCU uses this feedback to control when to initiate or pause energy transfer. This closed-loop feedback mechanism enables the system to maintain high efficiency by ensuring energy transfer occurs only when needed, while adapting to the actual charge state of the capacitor.
3Measurement precision
If a separate data interface is used for communication, then the control precision is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies segmentation by separating the data communication function from the power transfer function. A dedicated separate data interface is used for control signals and status communication between the primary and secondary sides, while the power transfer occurs through the magnetic coupling of coils. This segmentation improves control precision by providing dedicated communication channels free from power interference, while the modular separation keeps the overall system architecture manageable and not excessively complex.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method maintains high efficiency by ensuring energy transfer occurs within an optimal power range, avoiding inefficiencies associated with low power consumption and allowing for flexible power regulation through duty cycles or control voltage adjustments.
Implementation Method 1
wireless energy transmission between two coils, by transmitting energy from a coil on a primary side to a coil on a secondary side
Implementation Method 2
a charging voltage or charge state present on a storage/capacitor arranged on the secondary side is constantly determined by means of an ADC
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2A~2D2
AI summary
Method for optimized wireless energy transfer between two coils, by transferring energy from a coil on a primary side to a coil on a secondary side, wherein an ADC determines the charging voltage or state of charge present at a storage device/capacitor located on the secondary side, wherein an MCU transmits an energy request to the primary side via a data interface based on the charging voltage present at the storage device/capacitor on the secondary side, and the energy transfer between the primary and secondary sides is controlled accordingly.