Wireless Explosion Detector and Discharge System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing explosion protection systems for infrastructural and industrial facilities, particularly in coal mines, face inefficiencies due to delayed activation, inability to effectively quench shock waves and flames at the initial stage of deflagration, and reliability issues caused by moisture and complex installation requirements, leading to inadequate protection against unauthorized explosions.
Innovation Solution
The system incorporates a blast and flame detector with a wireless emergency signal transmitter and a discharge device containing a shock wave suppressing agent, such as liquid or inert powder, which activates quickly upon detecting overpressure or flames, using dispersing nozzles or a diaphragm to rapidly form an extinguishing barrier, ensuring efficient and reliable protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If water is discharged from containers to form a protective barrier, then explosion energy quenching is achieved, but the activation time is delayed (minimum 2-3 sec) and water is not dispersed effectively
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary detection of explosion parameters (overpressure, temperature, gas composition) before the explosion reaches critical stages. This early detection enables the discharge mechanism to activate in advance, forming the protective barrier before the shock wave arrives, thus eliminating the 2-3 second delay and achieving both timely protection and effective quenching.
2Reliability
If water is discharged from containers, then a protective barrier is formed, but the water is not dispersed which lowers quenching efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The water discharge system is segmented into multiple nozzles distributed across the container surface. Each nozzle releases a fine spray of water droplets rather than a continuous stream. This segmentation transforms the water flow from a cohesive stream into dispersed droplets, dramatically increasing the surface area contact with the explosion flame and shock wave, thereby achieving effective quenching while maintaining reliable barrier formation.
3Reliability
If containers are installed on ceiling and walls, then water discharge is enabled, but the containers interfere in the normal functioning of the tunnel
Solution Approach 1:
The container design incorporates localized functional zones: detection sensors are positioned to monitor specific parameters (overpressure, temperature) at strategic locations, while nozzles are arranged to discharge water only in the immediate protection zone directly below or adjacent to the container. This localized approach enables effective explosion protection at the installation point while minimizing the container's visual and physical interference with tunnel operations in surrounding areas.
4Reliability
If the system activates under direct shock wave impact, then barrier formation is achieved, but the shock wave has already propagated 16-30 m causing unprotected zones
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates real-time feedback from multiple detection sensors that continuously monitor explosion parameters (overpressure, temperature, gas composition). When the detected parameters indicate an explosion is developing but has not yet reached critical shock wave formation, the system automatically triggers the water discharge mechanism. This feedback-based early warning system enables the barrier to form in advance, protecting the full 16-30 meter zone before the shock wave arrives, rather than waiting for direct impact.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves rapid and effective suppression of shock waves and flames, improving reliability and operational efficiency by activating before the shock wave reaches critical distances, effectively localizing explosions and deflagrations, and maintaining functionality despite moisture exposure.
Implementation Method 1
The detector contains a sensor for registering shock wave generated overpressure
Implementation Method 2
aflame sensor for registering the process of deflagration
Implementation Method 3
inert powder or water as a quenching agent that disperses immediately upon explosion into the atmosphere of the facility to be protected
Implementation Method 4
The proposed device is activated under the immediate impact of a shock wave... The working capacity of the explosion protection system is assessed according to... explosion energy quenching effectiveness determined by ratio of overpressures before and after barrier
Data Source
AI summary
1. Technical effect Increasing the quick action, efficiency and reliability of currently available explosion protection systems. 2. Essence of application The proposed explosion protection system contains an explosion detector and a shock wave damping agent discharge device. The detector consists of overpressure and flame sensors, an identification module and an electromagnetic signal wireless transmitter. The discharge device contains a container filled with damping agent. 3. Field of use Protection of infrastructural and industrial facilities from non-authorized and, terrorist explosions; localization of methane explosion energy in coal mines.