Wireless Connectivity Heatmaps Using Multi-Path Reflection Modeling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing multi-path models for RF energy reflection in wireless networks are computationally intensive, hindering their implementation on network controller platforms without cloud-based compute offload, leading to inefficiencies in generating accurate heatmaps.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus that leverage the GPU capabilities of modern laptops/desktops to perform RF reflection modeling, enabling efficient generation of 3D connectivity heatmaps directly on end terminals, using 2D DEMs and viewshed computations to determine RF power and obstacles visible from access points.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If multi-path models incorporating RF energy reflection are used to generate heatmaps, then measurement precision and reliability are improved, but device complexity and computational requirements increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheatmap accuracyVSAvoidcomputational complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the computational workload by separating direct path calculations from multi-path reflection calculations. The system first computes direct line-of-sight paths, then separately computes reflected paths using image theory to create virtual access points. This segmentation allows the complex multi-path modeling to be broken into manageable computational steps that can be executed efficiently on network controllers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces image theory as an intermediary computational approach. Instead of directly calculating complex reflected RF paths, the system creates virtual access points (images) that represent reflected paths. This intermediary representation simplifies the computational model while maintaining accuracy, allowing standard path loss models to be applied to virtual paths rather than developing complex reflection physics models.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If multi-path reflection modeling is implemented on network controller platforms, then productivity and deployment speed are improved, but device complexity increases without cloud-based resources

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheatmap generation speedVSAvoidplatform complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes key computational parameters by using image theory to transform complex reflection calculations into simpler virtual path calculations. By modifying the computational approach from direct physics-based reflection modeling to virtual access point methodology, the system achieves faster computation that can run on standard network controller hardware without requiring cloud-based computational resources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates copies of access points in the form of virtual images to represent reflected paths. These virtual access point copies allow the system to model multi-path propagation using standard path loss calculations applied to virtual locations, rather than implementing complex reflection physics. This copying approach enables rapid computation on existing hardware platforms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables rapid and flexible deployment of wireless networks by generating accurate heatmaps in seconds, allowing network controllers to identify coverage areas, interference, and plan for network improvements without relying on cloud-based resources.

Implementation Method 1

multi-path models that incorporate the effect of reflection of Radio Frequency (RF) energy off surfaces

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentUS12571874B2Modeling of multi-path reflection for generating wireless connectivity heatmaps for physical environments
Publication Date: 2026.03.10 CISCO TECHNOLOGY INC
  • US12571874B2 patent drawing
  • US12571874B2 patent drawing
  • US12571874B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A method includes determining a 2D DEM for a physical environment, determining a viewshed for an access point in the physical environment using the DEM, and identifying, at the end terminal, at least one obstacle that is visible from the access point. For each point in space within the physical environment that is on a same side of the at least one obstacle as the access point: a respective first RSSI is determined, the respective first RSSI being associated with a direct LOS ray from the access point to a point in the space. A respective second RSSI for each of the at least one obstacle is determined to yield at least one second RSSI. A respective RF power based on the respective first RSSI and the at least one second RSSI is also determined, the respective RF power being used for generating a 3D heatmap for the physical environment.