Wireless Node Synchronization for Shared Spectrum Efficiency

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current wireless communication systems using shared radio frequency spectrum face inefficiencies due to unsynchronized listen-before-talk (LBT) procedures among base stations, leading to suboptimal channel access and reduced frequency reuse, which affects network performance and fairness in coexistence with other users.

Innovation Solution

Implementing synchronization techniques that allow wireless nodes to perform fast synchronization with detected LBT frame transmissions from other nodes of the same operator, enabling concurrent auxiliary and primary transmissions, and adjusting transmission rates based on feedback to optimize channel utilization and interference management.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If base stations perform independent LBT procedures without synchronization, then each base station can autonomously access the shared spectrum, but frequency reuse is suboptimal and channel access fairness is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveautonomous channel accessVSAvoidfrequency reuse efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines independent LBT procedures with synchronization mechanisms. Base stations continue to autonomously perform LBT but coordinate their frame structures and synchronization signals to align their channel access patterns. This merging of autonomous operation with coordinated timing enables both ease of operation and improved frequency reuse efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements dynamic synchronization where base stations continuously adjust their frame timing based on detected synchronization signals from other base stations. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to maintain autonomous LBT operations while dynamically optimizing frequency reuse through synchronized channel access patterns.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If base stations transmit simultaneously on the same frequency, then frequency reuse is enhanced and network efficiency improves, but interference management becomes more challenging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork efficiencyVSAvoidinterference between transmissions
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs feedback mechanisms where base stations monitor the shared spectrum for transmissions from other base stations and adjust their own transmissions accordingly. By detecting synchronization signals and data transmissions from other base stations, each base station can adapt its transmission timing and power to maintain frequency reuse while managing interference through continuous feedback-based adjustments.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Reliability

If a base station wins contention for channel access, then it can transmit data, but other base stations must wait, reducing overall channel utilization

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel access reliabilityVSAvoidchannel utilization
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic synchronization signals transmitted by base stations at regular intervals. This periodic action creates predictable channel access patterns where base stations can anticipate when other base stations will transmit, allowing them to coordinate their access attempts. This periodic structure maintains reliable channel access while improving overall utilization by reducing idle waiting periods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

4Ease of manufacture

If base stations use unsynchronized LBT frames, then implementation is simpler, but coexistence with other spectrum users is less fair

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimplementation simplicityVSAvoidcoexistence fairness
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements preliminary synchronization actions where base stations transmit synchronization signals before data transmissions. This preliminary action allows other base stations and spectrum users to detect and coordinate their access patterns in advance, establishing fair coexistence rules before actual data transmission begins. This preliminary coordination maintains implementation simplicity while significantly improving coexistence fairness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3412104B1Synchronization across transmitting nodes using shared radio frequency spectrum
Publication Date: 2022.10.12 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3412104B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3412104B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3412104B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Techniques for synchronization across transmitting nodes of a same public land mobile network (PLMN) operator using a shared radio frequency spectrum band may include initiating, at a first wireless node, a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure for access to the shared radio frequency spectrum band, and identifying that a second wireless node associated with a same PLMN operator as the first wireless node has won contention for the shared radio frequency spectrum band. The first wireless node may discontinue the LBT procedure and initiate an auxiliary transmission using the shared radio frequency spectrum band concurrently with a primary transmission of the second wireless node.