Wireless Power Transfer Coil Array with Phase-Shifted Driver Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wireless power transfer systems face challenges in adjusting the magnetic field to provide varying power levels to different devices and efficiently detecting device locations on a transmitter pad, leading to wasted power and unwanted magnetic field emissions.

Innovation Solution

The system employs phase-shifted currents in multiple transmit coils, using a controller to identify and selectively energize specific coils based on impedance changes, allowing for precise power transfer and reduced emissions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If all couplers are continuously energized to provide even magnetic field coverage, then power delivery coverage is improved, but power waste and unwanted magnetic field emissions increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower delivery coverageVSAvoidpower waste
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies different operational states to different couplers based on local conditions. Specifically, the controller selectively energizes only those couplers that are in magnetic coupling with a chargeable device, while leaving other couplers de-energized. This local differentiation allows the system to provide targeted power delivery where needed while avoiding waste in areas without devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts the energization state of couplers based on real-time detection of device presence and coupling conditions. The controller continuously monitors impedance changes and magnetic coupling status, then adapts which couplers are energized accordingly. This dynamic adjustment enables the system to transition from a static all-on approach to an adaptive selective energization strategy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Adaptability or versatility

If all couplers are continuously energized to ensure power availability, then adaptability is improved, but unwanted magnetic field emissions increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower availabilityVSAvoidmagnetic field emissions
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system creates different magnetic field conditions in different spatial locations by selectively energizing only the couplers that are actively coupled with chargeable devices. This local differentiation ensures that magnetic field emissions are concentrated only where power transfer is needed, rather than being distributed across the entire charging surface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system converts what would otherwise be harmful magnetic field emissions into beneficial targeted power delivery. By detecting which couplers are in magnetic coupling with devices and selectively energizing only those, the system ensures that magnetic fields are generated only where they serve a useful purpose, transforming potential harm into benefit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Loss of time

If impedance detection is performed on all couplers simultaneously, then device location detection speed is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection speedVSAvoidcontrol complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system divides the coupler array into multiple independent groups or individuals, with each coupler being detected and controlled separately. The controller performs impedance detection on couplers in a sequential or grouped manner rather than attempting to detect all couplers as a single unit. This segmentation allows for manageable detection complexity while maintaining comprehensive coverage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs impedance detection periodically across different couplers rather than continuously monitoring all couplers simultaneously. The controller cycles through detecting impedance changes on individual couplers or groups of couplers in sequence, which reduces the instantaneous computational and control complexity while still achieving fast overall detection through efficient time-multiplexed operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables efficient power delivery to specific devices while minimizing waste and emissions by dynamically adjusting the magnetic field and coil energization, optimizing power handling and transfer efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

a first driver circuit having a first output impedance while driving a plurality of couplers with a first current having a first phase to generate the wireless field

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

a plurality of couplers each configured to wirelessly couple the charging power to one or more receiver couplers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic coupling: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3257131B1Method and apparatus for wireless power transfer utilizing transmit coils driven by phase-shifted currents
Publication Date: 2018.07.11 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3257131B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3257131B1 patent drawingFigure 4
  • EP3257131B1 patent drawingFigure 5~7

AI summary

An apparatus comprises a first driver circuit having a first output impedance while driving a plurality of couplers with a first current having a first phase to generate a wireless field. A second driver circuit drives the plurality of couplers with a second current having a second phase. A controller causes the second driver circuit to sequentially drive each of the plurality of couplers with the second current while causing the first driver circuit to simultaneously drive the other couplers with the first current. The controller identifies a subset of the plurality of couplers based on detecting a change from the first output impedance in response to each of the plurality of couplers being sequentially driven with the second current. The controller selectively energizes the subset of the plurality of couplers via one or both of the first and second driver circuits to wirelessly transfer the charging power.