Wireless Power Control Circuit with Capacitor Backup for Medical Devices
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Solution Overview
Problem
Portable medical devices require reliable and continuous power sources without the bulk and weight of traditional batteries or large electrochemical cells, and existing wireless power transfer technologies are inefficient for devices needing large amounts of direct current power, especially in operating room environments where disruptions can halt device operation.
Innovation Solution
An electrical power control system with a primary power control circuit for conditioning wireless energy via near-field resonant inductive coupling and a secondary power control circuit using rechargeable capacitors or electrochemical cells as a backup, connected through an ideal diode OR-ing circuit with a controller to switch between sources based on voltage levels, ensuring continuous operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If large sized electrochemical cells are used to meet power requirements, then power capacity is improved, but device size and weight increase making them unfit for handheld medical devices
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces electrochemical batteries with a wireless electromagnetic power transmission system. The mechanical/chemical energy storage system is substituted with an electromagnetic field-based power delivery system comprising a transmitter unit that generates electromagnetic fields and a receiver unit that converts them to electrical power, eliminating the need for large battery cells within the handheld device.
Solution Approach 2:
The wireless power system integrates multiple functions: the transmitter can charge multiple devices simultaneously, the receiver unit can operate with different power levels based on device requirements, and the system provides both primary and backup power modes. This multi-functionality allows a compact receiver unit to serve various medical devices with different power needs without requiring large battery capacity.
2Power
If external battery packs are added to increase power capacity, then power availability is improved, but device portability and ease of operation deteriorate due to added bulk and weight
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the need for external battery packs by substituting them with a wireless power transmission system. The receiver unit, which is integrated into the handheld device, wirelessly receives power from a transmitter, thereby maintaining device portability and ease of operation while ensuring continuous power availability without adding bulk or weight.
3Volume of moving object
If wireless power transfer is used to reduce device size, then device compactness is improved, but power transfer efficiency deteriorates for devices requiring large amounts of direct current power
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes to optimize wireless power transfer efficiency. The system adjusts electromagnetic field frequency, modulation schemes, and power levels dynamically based on the specific device requirements. For devices needing large DC power, the system modifies transmission parameters to maximize efficiency while maintaining compact device size, thereby resolving the contradiction between compactness and power transfer efficiency.
4Productivity
If primary wireless power source is used to maintain continuous operation, then device availability is improved, but reliability deteriorates when the wireless power source becomes disrupted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements beforehand cushioning by incorporating a backup power source that is pre-configured to take over immediately when the primary wireless power source is disrupted. The system includes power storage elements and control circuitry that detect power disruptions and switch to backup power without interrupting device operation, thereby maintaining both high availability and reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses an intermediary power management system that mediates between the primary wireless power source and the device. This intermediary includes power storage elements and control circuitry that buffer power fluctuations, detect disruptions, and seamlessly switch to backup power sources, ensuring continuous reliable operation even when the primary wireless power source fails.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively captures and conditions wireless energy for direct current use, providing a reliable backup power source to maintain device operation even if the primary wireless power source is disrupted, addressing the need for continuous and efficient power in medical devices.
Implementation Method 1
electrical energy is transferred wirelessly between two resonators that are tuned to resonate at about the same frequency
Implementation Method 2
near field resonant inductive coupling typically uses coupled electromagnetic resonators with long-lived oscillatory resonant modes to transfer electrical power
Data Source
AI summary
A power control circuit for wirelessly powering a device is described. The circuit comprises a series of sub-circuits that condition and modify electrical power received from near-field resonant inductive coupling. In addition, the power control circuit consists of a reserve power source of at least one capacitor. A switching circuit consisting of an ideal diode OR-ing circuit is provided that receives and selects between the primary and secondary electrical power sources based on their measured voltages.