Wireless Power Transfer Architecture Using Coupled Resonant Circuits
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems face inefficiencies due to loose coupling and mismatched resonant frequencies between transmitter and receiver devices, leading to suboptimal power transfer efficiency.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a controller module that adjusts operating parameters such as resonant frequency and impedance to synchronize the frequency responses of transmitter and receiver devices, enhancing mutual coupling and power transfer efficiency through adaptive tuning and communication of operating parameters.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If loose coupling between coils is used to enable wireless power transfer, then power transfer capability is achieved, but power transfer efficiency deteriorates due to mismatched resonant frequencies and suboptimal mutual coupling
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic tuning of resonant frequencies by adjusting operating parameters (such as capacitance values) of the resonant circuits in real-time. This allows the system to adapt to changing coupling conditions and maintain optimal power transfer efficiency, transforming a static system into a dynamically adjustable one that can respond to varying operational requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes physical parameters of the resonant circuits, specifically adjusting resonant frequency and impedance characteristics through variable capacitors or tunable reactive elements. By modifying these parameters, the system optimizes the coupling between transmitter and receiver coils, thereby improving power transfer efficiency without requiring physical reconfiguration
2Productivity
If resonant frequencies are not synchronized between transmitter and receiver, then device compatibility is maintained, but power transfer efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates feedback mechanisms where the receiver device communicates its resonant frequency and impedance characteristics back to the transmitter. The transmitter then adjusts its operating parameters based on this feedback to achieve frequency synchronization and impedance matching, creating a closed-loop control system that continuously optimizes power transfer
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements a universal communication protocol that allows different WPT devices to exchange operating parameters and capability information. This enables the system to adapt to various device types and configurations while maintaining optimal performance through parameter negotiation and synchronization
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Improves wireless power transfer efficiency by aligning resonant frequencies and adjusting impedance, allowing for more effective power delivery between devices, even in scenarios with multiple receivers.
Implementation Method 1
The WPT charger generates a magnetic field by driving current through a coil
Implementation Method 2
The WPT-enabled device and the WPT charger are coupled through their respective coils, such that a mutual inductance and capacitance is formed between the devices
Implementation Method 3
The efficiency of the WPT is dependent on this mutual inductive as well as capacitive coupling and the resonant frequency characteristics of each device
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus and method are disclosed to control the mutual coupling between wireless power transfer (WPT) enabled devices. Wireless power transfer is best achieved when both the transmitting and receiving device are tuned to substantially the same frequency. Because WPT-enabled devices are coupled to one another during WPT, tuning one WPT-enabled device can cause both devices to converge to a resonance together. Furthermore, a WPT-enabled receiving device can be intentionally detuned to avoid coupling excessive power from a WPT-enabled transmitter device. These concepts can be extended to WPT-enabled device pairs that each has WPT transmission and reception qualities. When multiple WPT-enabled devices interact, tuning information can be stored in one or both of the devices to make the configuration procedure for subsequent WPT interactions more efficient. Various systems are presented to control the mutual coupling between WPT-enabled devices to improve the WPT.