Bidirectional Wireless Power Transfer Control for Stable V2G and G2V
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing bidirectional wireless power transfer systems for electric vehicles lack standardized control logic for efficient power conversion between vehicles and the electrical grid, particularly in V2G and G2V operations, leading to inefficiencies and unpredictable power demand management.
Innovation Solution
A bidirectional wireless power transfer system with a controller that determines and communicates control parameters for a bidirectional power converter, including phase shift, duty cycle, and coil current, to manage power transfer efficiently and adapt to changing demand in both vehicle charging and grid interaction modes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If bidirectional wireless power transfer is implemented without standardized control logic, then system versatility is improved, but power transfer efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts control parameters (phase shift, duty cycle, coil current) based on real-time operating conditions to optimize power transfer efficiency while maintaining bidirectional capability. The controller modifies these parameters according to the specific mode (G2V or V2G) and grid/vehicle state.
Solution Approach 2:
The communication interface enables bidirectional communication between the vehicle controller and the charging station controller, allowing real-time feedback on power transfer status, efficiency metrics, and system state. This feedback loop allows the system to adapt control strategies to maintain optimal efficiency in both charging and discharging modes.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple control parameters are managed without coordination, then system adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control system is divided into distinct functional modules: a zero voltage switching controller that manages phase shift and switching timing, a power controller that regulates duty cycle and power flow, and a communication interface that handles parameter exchange. Each module handles specific control parameters independently, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller is designed to perform multiple functions through a unified architecture that can operate in both G2V (grid-to-vehicle) and V2G (vehicle-to-grid) modes. The same hardware platform and control logic adapt to different operating modes by adjusting control parameters, eliminating the need for separate control systems for each mode.
3Ease of operation
If bidirectional wireless power transfer system is implemented, then ease of operation is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to lack of standardization
Solution Approach 1:
The communication interface establishes a reliable feedback mechanism between the vehicle and charging station controllers, enabling real-time monitoring and coordination of power transfer. This ensures stable operation by continuously exchanging status information and coordinating control actions, addressing the reliability concerns of bidirectional operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary coordination through the communication interface before initiating power transfer, establishing control parameter agreements and system state synchronization. This preliminary action ensures that both systems are ready and configured appropriately, reducing the risk of unstable operation during actual power exchange.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enhances power transfer efficiency and responsiveness to demand fluctuations, ensuring stable and efficient power exchange between vehicles and the grid, improving overall system performance.
Implementation Method 1
a bidirectional power converter coupled to the WPT resonator and to the power transfer connection
Implementation Method 2
a WPT resonator
Implementation Method 3
bidirectional wireless power transfer (WPT) assembly includes a WPT resonator
Data Source
AI summary
A bidirectional wireless power transfer (WPT) system includes a WPT resonator, a power transfer connection for coupling to a battery, a bidirectional power converter coupled to the WPT resonator and to the power transfer connection, a communication interface for communicating with another bidirectional WPT system to which the WPT resonator is configured to be coupled, and a controller. The controller is configured to determine first, second, and third control parameters, control the bidirectional power converter based on the first and second control parameters, and communicate the third control parameter to the other bidirectional WPT system. The controller may operate in a power-controlled mode when delivering power to a vehicle battery, and in a voltage controlled mode when transferring power from the vehicle battery to a load or the Grid.