Wireless Relay Aggregated PPDU Forwarding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wireless communication systems, such as WiFi extenders and mesh routers, face limitations in range extension, with typical methods providing limited range extension, high latency, high jitter, and low throughput due to independent transmission per hop and hop-by-hop acknowledgement protocols.
Innovation Solution
A wireless relay device is introduced, equipped with a controller that determines whether to forward communications data based on headers, updates receiver and transmitter addresses, and shares transmit opportunities in multi-hop transmissions using aggregated PPDU, compatible with IEEE 802.11 protocols, to optimize data forwarding and reduce latency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If independent transmission per hop is used in wireless relay, then device complexity is reduced, but system throughput decreases and latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple independent hop transmissions into a single aggregated PPDU transmission. The relay device combines data from multiple hops into one aggregated physical layer protocol data unit, allowing simultaneous transmission across multiple hops. This eliminates the need for separate independent transmissions per hop, thereby increasing system throughput while maintaining manageable device complexity through standardized aggregation procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements continuous transmission by eliminating idle periods between hops. Instead of completing one hop transmission before starting the next, the aggregated PPDU enables continuous data flow across all hops simultaneously. This continuity removes waiting time and retransmission delays, directly improving system throughput and reducing overall latency.
2Reliability
If hop-by-hop acknowledgement protocol is used, then reliability is improved, but latency increases and throughput decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges individual hop acknowledgements into a single end-to-end acknowledgement mechanism. Instead of requiring separate ACK frames at each hop, the aggregated PPDU transmission uses one consolidated acknowledgement process that covers the entire multi-hop path. This reduces the number of acknowledgement exchanges from multiple hop-by-hop ACKs to a single end-to-end ACK, thereby reducing latency while maintaining reliability through comprehensive error checking across all hops.
3Length of moving object
If typical range extension techniques are used, then transmission range is extended, but throughput decreases and jitter increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from sequential hop-by-hop transmission to parallel aggregated transmission. By aggregating multiple PPDU s into a single transmitted unit that covers multiple hops simultaneously, the system adds a dimensional aspect to transmission where multiple data units are handled in one transmission event rather than one at a time. This dimensional change enables range extension through multi-hop capability while maintaining high throughput through parallel processing of aggregated data.
4Productivity
If aggregated PPDU multi-hop transmission is implemented, then system throughput increases and latency decreases, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes key transmission parameters to enable aggregated PPDU operation. The relay device modifies transmission parameters including combining multiple data units into one aggregated structure, adjusting timing parameters for simultaneous multi-hop transmission, and changing acknowledgement parameters from hop-by-hop to end-to-end. These parameter changes enable high throughput aggregated transmission while managing complexity through standardized parameter modification procedures rather than requiring completely new complex protocols.
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of a method and apparatus for wireless communications are disclosed. In an embodiment, a wireless relay device includes a wireless transceiver configured to receive, from a first wireless device, communications data, and a controller configured to determine whether to forward the received communications data to a second wireless device.