Wireless Relay Schedule for Collision Avoidance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional wireless network protocols face inefficiencies in collision avoidance, leading to unmanageable transmission times and failure in acknowledge processes due to random delays and co-channel interference, which can result in reduced network performance.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a packet frame with relay schedule information that specifies distinct transmission times for each node, allowing participating and non-participating nodes to transmit without collisions by adhering to the scheduled times, and enabling out-of-order nodes to transmit based on the relay schedule.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If random delays are inserted between transmissions to avoid collisions, then collision probability is reduced, but transmission time becomes unmanageably long
Solution Approach 1:
The source node performs preliminary actions by determining a relay schedule before transmission and embedding it in the packet frame. This schedule pre-coordinates transmission times for all relay nodes, eliminating the need for random delays during actual transmission while preventing collisions through advance planning.
Solution Approach 2:
The relay schedule dynamically assigns specific transmission times to different relay nodes based on their positions and roles in the multi-hop path. This dynamic time allocation allows the system to adapt transmission timing to network conditions while maintaining collision-free operation without resorting to random delays.
2Reliability
If sequential routing is used from source to destination through relay nodes, then delivery confirmation can be achieved, but transmission fails if any single node fails
Solution Approach 1:
The relay schedule is determined in advance and includes timing information for all potential relay nodes. This preliminary coordination enables nodes to understand their roles and transmission times beforehand, allowing the system to adapt if nodes fail or arrive out of order without requiring retransmission coordination.
Solution Approach 2:
The relay schedule embedded in the packet frame acts as an intermediary that carries timing information through the network. This schedule enables out-of-order nodes to determine their correct transmission time without direct communication with the source node, maintaining delivery confirmation while tolerating node failures and out-of-order arrivals.
3Reliability
If conventional listen before transmit is used, then collision avoidance is attempted, but non-participating nodes still cause collisions and network performance degrades
Solution Approach 1:
The source node performs preliminary coordination by embedding a complete relay schedule in the packet frame before transmission begins. This schedule informs all nodes (including non-participating ones) of the exact transmission times required, allowing them to remain silent during these times and avoid causing collisions, thereby maintaining high network performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The relay schedule provides feedback information to all nodes in the network about when transmissions will occur. This feedback mechanism allows non-participating nodes to adjust their behavior and avoid transmitting during scheduled times, preventing collisions without requiring complex listen-before-transmit protocols that degrade performance.
Data Source
AI summary
Collisions in wireless networks may be avoided by limiting competing transmissions at the same time or within a temporally proximate time range. A relay schedule may be transmitted with each frame in a transmission chain, the relay schedule containing transmission time information such that each participating node in the transmission chain has designated transmission times. The transmission times may be different such that transmissions are spaced out in an effective manner. A non-participant node may receive the transmission with the relay schedule and may delay transmissions during conflicting times based on the relay schedule.