Wireless Sensor Network Localization via Clustered MAC Superframe

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional localization methods in wireless sensor networks face challenges in accurately measuring the location of mobile nodes, especially when multiple nodes move at a predetermined speed, due to difficulties in distance measurement and message collision in low-speed mobile environments.

Innovation Solution

A method for localization message processing that allocates cluster resources to mobile nodes, allowing them to measure distances to anchor nodes during dedicated periods, with a MAC super frame structure that includes beacon slots, competition access periods, and inactive periods to manage channel access and prevent collisions, ensuring simultaneous distance measurement and accurate location recognition.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional localization methods are used in wireless sensor networks, then location information can be obtained, but message collision and measurement inaccuracies occur when multiple mobile nodes move simultaneously

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvelocation measurement accuracyVSAvoidmessage transmission reliability

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The network is divided into multiple clusters with dedicated cluster heads, and the localization process is segmented into distinct phases (distance measurement phase and location calculation phase). This segmentation reduces message collision by organizing simultaneous measurements into structured sequences, thereby improving both measurement accuracy and message transmission reliability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Cluster heads perform preliminary actions by pre-coordinating distance measurement schedules and reserving communication resources before mobile nodes begin their localization measurements. This preliminary organization of measurement sequences prevents message collision during simultaneous mobile node operations

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

2Productivity

If multiple mobile nodes perform distance measurement simultaneously, then localization efficiency is improved, but message collision increases causing retransmission

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvelocalization efficiencyVSAvoidmessage retransmission time

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements periodic distance measurement cycles where mobile nodes sequentially measure distances to different anchor nodes according to predetermined time schedules. This periodic structure allows multiple nodes to operate simultaneously in an organized manner, maintaining high localization efficiency while preventing message collision through time-division coordination

Inventive Principle:

Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

Cluster heads receive feedback from mobile nodes regarding measurement completion status and use this information to dynamically adjust subsequent measurement scheduling. This feedback mechanism optimizes the balance between simultaneous measurement efficiency and collision avoidance, reducing unnecessary retransmissions

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

3Measurement precision

If GPS receivers are used for location measurement, then accurate location information is obtained outdoors, but the device becomes ineffective for indoor applications and high-accuracy requirements

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvelocation measurement accuracyVSAvoidapplicability environment

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The system creates a universal localization method that functions effectively in both indoor and outdoor environments, as well as for both stationary and mobile nodes. By using wireless signal-based distance measurement through cluster heads and anchor nodes, the system replaces GPS with a multi-functional approach that adapts to various deployment scenarios and accuracy requirements

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes the GPS satellite-based electromagnetic system with a ground-based wireless sensor network system using cluster heads and anchor nodes. This substitution replaces the external satellite infrastructure with a localized network infrastructure that provides comparable or superior accuracy for indoor and mobile applications

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Speed

If mobile nodes move at predetermined speed during distance measurement, then mobility is maintained, but distance measurement accuracy deteriorates due to position changes

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemobile node mobilityVSAvoiddistance measurement accuracy

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system is designed to be dynamic, allowing mobile nodes to move at predetermined speeds while maintaining localization accuracy. The cluster head coordinates distance measurements to occur in rapid succession as nodes pass through measurement zones, and the system dynamically adjusts measurement timing to compensate for node movement, thereby maintaining both mobility and measurement precision

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentUS8248963B2Method on localization message process for supporting mobility of wireless nodes

Publication Date: 2012.08.21 KT CORP

AI summary

Provided is a method for localization message process. The method includes allocating cluster resources for recognizing a location of a mobile node, setting operation of each node by deciding a cluster operation state for the mobile node, measuring distances between the mobile node to each of anchor nodes, and recognizing a location of the mobile node.