WLAN Termination U-Plane Relocation Without C-Plane

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current LTE-WLAN Aggregation (LWA) technologies face challenges in WLAN mobility, leading to increased signaling load and temporary service disruptions due to the need to change both user-plane and control-plane terminations during UE mobility, limiting flexibility and quality of experience.

Innovation Solution

The solution involves establishing a control-plane interface between a cellular radio access node and an anchor for non-cellular radio access nodes, allowing relocation of the user-plane interface during UE mobility while maintaining the control-plane interface, enabling seamless WLAN mobility across multiple APs without requiring new Xw-C connection negotiations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If both user-plane and control-plane terminations are changed during UE mobility between WLAN APs, then mobility is supported, but signaling load increases and service disruptions occur

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveWLAN mobility supportVSAvoidsignaling load
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the WLAN termination function into two independent parts: control-plane termination (WT-C) and user-plane termination (WT-U). The control-plane interface remains anchored at the WLAN controller, while the user-plane interface can be dynamically relocated between different WLAN access points. This segmentation allows mobility to be handled at the user-plane level without triggering control-plane reconfiguration, thereby reducing signaling load and avoiding service disruptions during handovers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Adaptability or versatility

If both user-plane and control-plane terminations are changed during UE mobility, then mobility is supported, but service continuity is disrupted

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveWLAN mobility supportVSAvoidservice continuity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

By separating control-plane and user-plane terminations, the patent ensures that control-plane connectivity remains stable and continuous while user-plane resources can be switched between APs. The anchored control-plane interface maintains persistent signaling connections, preventing service disruptions during mobility events.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The control-plane interface is established and anchored in advance at the WLAN controller before mobility occurs. This preliminary establishment of a stable control-plane connection ensures that when user-plane relocation is needed, the control-plane framework is already in place to manage the transition smoothly, maintaining service continuity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Adaptability or versatility

If control-plane termination is relocated during UE mobility, then mobility is supported, but Xw-C connection negotiation is required

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveWLAN mobility supportVSAvoidconnection negotiation time
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the termination functions so that only the user-plane termination (WT-U) needs to be relocated during mobility, while the control-plane termination (WT-C) remains anchored at the original WLAN controller. This eliminates the need for time-consuming Xw-C connection negotiations, as the control-plane interface remains unchanged. User-plane relocation can occur rapidly without triggering control-plane reconfiguration procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Adaptability or versatility

If multiple WLAN APs are supported in a mobility set, then flexibility is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemulti-AP mobility supportVSAvoidmobility set management
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent enables multiple WLAN access points to be included in a mobility set by maintaining a single anchored control-plane interface that can manage multiple user-plane connections to different APs. The control-plane termination at the WLAN controller handles mobility management for multiple APs, while each AP maintains independent user-plane termination. This segmentation allows flexible multi-AP support without proportionally increasing control-plane complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The anchored control-plane interface at the WLAN controller is designed to be universal, capable of managing user-plane connections to multiple different WLAN access points simultaneously. This multi-functional control-plane termination can handle mobility across any AP in the mobility set without requiring separate control-plane interfaces for each AP, thereby supporting multi-AP mobility with controlled complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP3403440B1WLAN termination u-plane relocation without c-plane relocation
Publication Date: 2022.05.25 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP3403440B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3403440B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3403440B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A control-plane interface is established between a cellular radio access node and an anchor for at least first and second non-cellular radio access nodes (such as API and AP2); and thereafter during mobility of a user equipment (UE) from API to AP2, the anchor relocates a user-plane interface for a radio link allocated to the UE from API to AP2 while maintaining the established control-plane interface for the radio link. When implemented for LTE-WLAN Aggregation (LWA), the control-plane interface is Xw-C with a corresponding control plane wireless termination (WT-C), the user-plane interface is Xw-U with a corresponding user plane wireless terminations (WT-U); the cellular radio access node is an eNB, the APs belong to the anchor and have BSSs that belong to a same mobility set that is configured for the UE by the eNB; the anchor is the WT-C, and the APs are WT-Us.