XL-MIMO Visibility Region Allocation for Efficient Antenna Use

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Solution Overview

Problem

In extra-large scale massive MIMO (XL-MIMO) systems, it is inefficient to use all antennas for data transmission, and certain regions do not contribute to increased data transmission rates, necessitating methods to allocate antennas based on terminal requirements.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus for allocating antennas in XL-MIMO systems by determining a visibility region (VR) based on distance and service-related information, using reference signal received powers (RSRPs) to distinguish far-field and near-field communication, and adjusting VR size according to terminal needs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If all antennas of XL-MIMO antenna panel are used for data transmission, then the spatial dimension is increased, but the system efficiency deteriorates due to unnecessary antenna usage in regions that do not contribute to data transmission rate increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenumber of antennas usedVSAvoidsystem efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The XL-MIMO antenna panel is segmented into multiple visibility regions (first VR and second VR) based on far-field and near-field communication characteristics. Different antenna subsets are allocated to different VRs, allowing the system to selectively activate only the necessary antennas for each terminal's communication requirements, thereby improving system efficiency while maintaining spatial dimension benefits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the antenna panel are assigned different functions based on their spatial characteristics. The first VR (far-field) and second VR (near-field) are differentiated with distinct antenna allocations and beamforming strategies tailored to each region's communication needs, optimizing performance locally rather than applying a uniform approach across all antennas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Productivity

If a large number of antennas are deployed in a narrow space (massive MIMO), then data transmission rate is improved, but the spatial dimension is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transmission rateVSAvoidspatial dimension
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The system transitions from two-dimensional antenna arrays in massive MIMO to three-dimensional spatial deployment in XL-MIMO, extending antenna panels across large surfaces such as building walls. This dimensional expansion provides additional spatial degrees of freedom, enabling the system to serve multiple terminals simultaneously with enhanced spatial separation while maintaining high data transmission rates.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Productivity

If antennas are allocated based on terminal requirements, then system efficiency is improved, but the device complexity increases due to VR determination and antenna grouping operations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem efficiencyVSAvoidantenna allocation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The base station performs preliminary determination of visibility regions and antenna grouping based on terminal requirements before actual data transmission. By pre-calculating the appropriate VR and allocating corresponding antenna subsets in advance, the system reduces real-time computational complexity while maintaining high efficiency in antenna utilization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

Reference signals are introduced as intermediaries to facilitate VR determination and antenna allocation. The base station transmits reference signals through representative antennas of different groups, and terminals provide feedback (RSRPs) that enable the base station to infer the appropriate VR and allocate antennas accordingly, simplifying the overall allocation process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP4701091A1Method and apparatus for allocating visible area in communication system having very large scale multiple input multiple output
Publication Date: 2026.02.25 HYUNDAI MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP4701091A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4701091A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4701091A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method of a base station, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, may comprise an operation of determining a VR to be allocated to a terminal in an XL-MIMO antenna panel such that the terminal is located in a far field or a near field distinguished by a VR size reference value on the basis of service-related information and RSRP for each representative antenna.