X-ray detector heating layer for precise temperature control
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Solution Overview
Problem
The availability of indium for producing transparent electrodes is limited, and indirect heating methods for X-ray detector converter materials lack adequate temperature stabilization accuracy.
Innovation Solution
A counting X-ray detector with a transparent electrode comprising layers such as an electrically conductive contact layer, intermediate layers, a high voltage layer, and a heating layer, allowing direct temperature regulation of the converter material from the radiation incidence side, enabling precise temperature control and illumination.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If indirect heating methods are used to heat the converter material, then the device complexity is reduced, but the temperature stabilization accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The heating system is segmented into multiple independent heating zones, each with its own heating element and temperature control. This allows localized temperature regulation directly at the converter material interface, achieving high temperature stabilization accuracy without requiring a complex monolithic heating system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies heating elements directly to the converter material or its immediate substrate, creating localized heating zones where temperature control is most needed. This local quality approach ensures precise temperature stabilization at the critical interface while keeping the overall heating system relatively simple.
2Reliability
If indium-containing TCO is used for transparent electrodes, then the electrical conductivity and transparency are improved, but the production cost increases and material availability decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive indium-containing TCO materials with cheaper alternative transparent conductive materials. While the alternative materials may have shorter operational lifetimes or require more frequent replacement, they significantly reduce production costs and improve material availability, making the overall system more economically viable.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the material parameters of the transparent electrode by substituting indium-based compounds with alternative materials that have different compositional parameters. This parameter change maintains the essential electrical conductivity and transparency functions while eliminating dependence on scarce and expensive indium resources.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution provides economical production of transparent electrodes with high thermal stability, achieving temperature control of less than 1K and improved imaging accuracy by direct heating of the converter material.
Implementation Method 1
an electrically conductive heating layer (9) arranged on the second carrier protection layer (10)... adjusting a current passing through the electrically conductive heating layer (9) to regulate the temperature of the converter material
Implementation Method 2
The X-ray radiation or the photons can be converted into electric pulses by an appropriate sensor... The energy of the incident ionizing radiation is directly converted into electrical charges, known as electron-hole pairs
Implementation Method 3
A high voltage, for example, for CdTe, CZT, CdZnTeSe, CdTeSe or CdMnTe in the region of −500 to −2000V, is applied to the converter material between an electrode serving as a cathode and a readout contact serving as an anode, in order to separate the charges of the electron-hole pairs
Data Source
AI summary
A counting X-ray detector includes, in a stacked array, a converter material for converting X-ray radiation into electric charges and an electrode. In an embodiment, the electrode is electrically conductively connected to the converter material. The electrode is designed to be at least partly transparent. In an embodiment, the electrode includes: an electrically conductive contact layer, an electrically conductive first intermediate layer, an electrically conductive high voltage layer, a second intermediate layer and an electrically conductive heating layer.