X-ray Marker Guided Automated Guide Wire Advancement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current robotic systems for feeding percutaneous interventional devices, such as guide wires and working catheters, lack precision and automation in advancing these devices through guide catheters to the exact site of action within the body, particularly in coronary arteries, due to manual manipulation and limited feedback mechanisms.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of X-ray markers on both the guide wire and guide catheter, controlled by automated apparatus and image-processing software, allows for precise and automated advancement of the guide wire through the guide catheter by monitoring fluoroscopic images and adjusting the feed speed based on marker alignment, ensuring accurate placement without overshooting the distal end.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual manipulation is used to advance guide wires and working catheters through guide catheters, then the procedure can be performed with simpler equipment, but precision and accuracy in positioning the devices at the exact site of action deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs real-time feedback through fluoroscopic imaging to monitor the positions of X-ray markers on both the guide wire and guide catheter. The automated apparatus continuously adjusts the advancement based on the detected relative positions of markers, creating a closed-loop control system that achieves precise positioning without requiring overly complex manual manipulation techniques.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces manual mechanical manipulation with an automated robotic apparatus that uses image processing and automated control algorithms. This substitution of mechanical skill-based operation with an automated system improves positioning precision while managing overall system complexity through standardized components.
2Productivity
If automated rapid advancement is used to advance the guide wire through the guide catheter, then productivity and speed of the procedure is improved, but the risk of overshooting the distal end increases
Solution Approach 1:
The automated apparatus continuously monitors the relative positions of X-ray markers on the guide wire and guide catheter using fluoroscopic imaging. This real-time feedback allows the system to advance the guide wire rapidly while automatically detecting when the tip approaches the distal end, preventing overshooting through dynamic adjustment of advancement speed and termination.
Solution Approach 2:
X-ray markers serve as intermediaries between the automated apparatus and the guide wire/catheter system. These markers provide visual feedback that mediates the control process, allowing the automated system to precisely determine when to terminate advancement without requiring direct contact or complex sensing mechanisms at the tip of the guide wire.
3Measurement precision
If continuous fluoroscopic imaging is used to monitor marker positions during automated advancement, then measurement precision of device position is improved, but exposure to X-ray radiation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses periodic fluoroscopic imaging at strategically selected moments during the automated advancement process rather than continuous imaging. The apparatus captures images at intervals sufficient to track marker positions and determine when termination should occur, thereby reducing overall radiation exposure while maintaining adequate measurement precision for safe and accurate device placement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enhances the precision and safety of device placement by reducing the risk of overshooting and minimizing exposure to X-ray radiation, enabling accurate positioning of guide wires and working catheters near cardiac regions or lesions, even in complex arterial structures.
Implementation Method 1
providing a guide wire with a marker at or adjacent its tip, providing a guide catheter with a marker at or adjacent its distal terminus
Implementation Method 2
monitoring fluoroscopic images and adjusting the feed speed based on marker alignment
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is the automated rapid advancement of a guide wire through a guide catheter using x-ray markers. The procedure involves providing a guide wire with a marker at or adjacent its tip, providing a guide catheter with a marker at or adjacent its distal terminus, rapidly advancing the guide wire through the guide catheter from its proximal end to its distal end under the control of an automated apparatus, and terminating the automated rapid advancement when the guide wire tip marker becomes adjacent to the guide catheter distal end marker. Fluoroscopic images may be taken of the of the guide wire as it rapidly advances through the guide catheter and image processing software used to determine when to terminate the rapid advancement. This software may use either the position or the velocity of the guide wire to make this determination.