X-ray Single-Pixel Camera Computational Correlated Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current X-ray imaging technologies face challenges in reducing radiation dose while maintaining image quality due to the need for large-area array detectors and high numbers of exposure frames, especially with the short wavelength of X-rays, which limits controllable modulation and results in poor imaging quality.
Innovation Solution
An X-ray single-pixel camera based on X-ray computational correlated imaging, incorporating an X-ray modulation system, modulation control, single-pixel detector, main control unit, time synchronization, and computational imaging system, which performs second-order correlated, compressed sensing, or deep learning computations to modulate X-rays and reduce the number of exposure frames, using a special measurement matrix for controllable modulation and image reconstruction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a large-area array high-pixel X-ray detector is used to ensure image quality, then imaging quality is improved, but device complexity and cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a single-pixel detector to capture intensity information and reconstructs the image through computational methods, effectively replacing the need for a complex large-area array detector. The modulation matrix serves as a computational copy of the spatial information that would otherwise require physical pixel arrays to capture directly.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/optical system of a large-area array detector with a computational imaging system. Instead of using physical pixels to spatially resolve the image, the system uses a single-pixel detector combined with computational algorithms (compressed sensing, deep learning) to reconstruct the image from intensity measurements.
2Measurement precision
If a large number of exposure frames are used to restore the image object, then imaging quality is improved, but X-ray radiation dose increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses compressed sensing theory to acquire only the essential information needed for image reconstruction with far fewer measurements than traditional methods. Instead of capturing all possible spatial information through multiple exposure frames, the system captures a minimal set of measurements that can be computationally reconstructed into a high-quality image.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of measurement quantity from many exposure frames to a small number of modulated intensity measurements. By transforming the imaging approach from temporal sampling (multiple frames) to spatial modulation (single-pixel with modulation matrix), the system achieves equivalent or superior image quality with reduced radiation exposure.
3Adaptability or versatility
If randomly modulated pseudothermal light is used for X-ray ghost imaging, then imaging can be realized, but the number of exposure frames required increases and imaging quality deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-calculates and stores a modulation matrix with optimized patterns before the imaging process. This preliminary preparation of the modulation sequence allows the system to efficiently encode spatial information into intensity measurements, eliminating the need for random modulation and subsequent statistical reconstruction that degrades image quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a modulation matrix as an intermediary between the X-ray source and the single-pixel detector. This modulation matrix acts as a computational intermediary that encodes spatial information into the intensity signal, enabling high-quality image reconstruction from single-pixel measurements without requiring random modulation or multiple exposure frames.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If intensity correlated imaging is used to reduce radiation dose, then X-ray radiation dose is reduced, but the number of exposure frames required increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies compressed sensing to capture only the essential information needed for image reconstruction with a minimal number of measurements. Instead of requiring numerous exposure frames for correlated imaging, the system uses a reduced set of modulated measurements that can be computationally reconstructed into a complete image, thereby reducing both radiation dose and acquisition time.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly reduces the number of exposure frames required, enhances image quality, and decreases X-ray radiation dose, offering a cost-effective solution by minimizing detector requirements and improving contrast-to-noise ratio.
Implementation Method 1
any one of the matrix units is hollowed out with different preset patterns on an X-ray absorption material
Data Source
AI summary
An X-ray single-pixel camera based on X-ray computational correlated imaging, which belongs to the technical research fields of X-ray computational correlated imaging and X-ray single-pixel imaging. The X-ray single-pixel camera includes: an X-ray modulation system (3), an X-ray modulation control system (4), an X-ray single-pixel detector (5), a main control system unit (6), a time synchronization system (7) and a computational imaging system (8). The main control system unit (6) controls each module through software; the time synchronization system (7) controls synchronization of each module for automatic collection; and the computational imaging system (8) is configured to perform a second-order correlated computation or a compressed sensing computation or a deep learning computation on the signals collected by the X-ray single-pixel detector (5) and a preset modulation matrix, so as to obtain an image of an object under test. The X-ray single-pixel camera based on X-ray computational correlated imaging, provided by the present invention, realizes single-pixel imaging, greatly reduces the sampling number while ensuring the imaging quality, and reduces the X-ray radiation dose in an imaging process.