X-Ray Fluorescence Power Supply Discharge Detection Circuit
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing X-ray fluorescence spectrometers face challenges in accurately detecting electric discharge, which can lead to intermittent occurrences and eventual deterioration or failure of the high-voltage power supply unit.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a current detection circuit connected to the primary side of the transformer in the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, which includes a first comparator to detect currents equal to or larger than a first threshold value, allowing for the accurate detection of electric discharge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an overcurrent detection mechanism is provided on the output side of the high-voltage power supply unit to detect overcurrent at the level at which the power supply unit fails, then the power supply unit is protected against catastrophic failure, but electric discharge at a level smaller than the detection threshold cannot be detected, leading to intermittent occurrence and eventual deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection function by providing two separate detection mechanisms: one on the primary side of the transformer for detecting small-current electric discharge, and another on the secondary side for detecting large-current overcurrent. This segmentation allows each detector to be optimized for its specific detection range, resolving the contradiction between detecting small discharges and protecting against catastrophic failure.
Solution Approach 2:
The primary-side detection circuit acts as an intermediary that detects electric discharge before it escalates to dangerous levels. By detecting discharge at the primary side where current is lower, it provides early warning that allows preventive action before the discharge reaches the threshold of the secondary-side protection mechanism.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a capacitor is arranged in parallel to a resistor for detection of current in the overcurrent detection mechanism, then transient increase in voltage is suppressed, but response speed is lowered making appropriate operation as an electric discharge detection mechanism difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent separates the voltage suppression function from the detection function. The primary-side detection circuit detects current without using a parallel capacitor-resistor configuration, maintaining fast response speed. The secondary-side protection mechanism handles voltage suppression needs, allowing each circuit to be optimized for its primary function without compromising the other.
3Measurement precision
If the current detection circuit is connected to the primary side of the transformer, then electric discharge can be detected at a lower current level with faster response, but the detection circuit must operate in a high-voltage environment requiring appropriate isolation and safety measures
Solution Approach 1:
The transformer serves as an intermediary that electrically isolates the primary-side detection circuit from the high-voltage secondary side. The detection circuit monitors the primary side where voltages are lower and safer, while the transformer provides the necessary galvanic isolation to protect the detection electronics from high-voltage hazards.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables precise detection of electric discharge, preventing potential failures of the high-voltage power supply unit and ensuring reliable operation of the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.
Implementation Method 1
a transformer that boosts a voltage
Implementation Method 2
an X-ray tube where a cathode electrode and a target electrode are arranged... generates X-rays by application of a tube voltage
Implementation Method 3
a detector that detects secondary X-rays generated from the sample
Data Source
AI summary
An X-ray fluorescence spectrometer includes a first power supply that applies a tube voltage and a second power supply that supplies a filament current. The first power supply includes a switching circuit connected to a primary side of a transformer. The X-ray fluorescence spectrometer includes a current detection circuit connected to the primary side of the transformer to detect a current that flows to the primary side of the transformer and a control circuit that controls the first power supply based on the detected current. The current detection circuit includes a first comparator configured to detect whether or not the current detected by the current detection circuit is equal to or larger than a first threshold value. The control circuit detects occurrence of electric discharge based on detection of the current equal to or larger than the first threshold value by the current detection circuit.