Stationary Yoke XY-Table Drive with Movable Ferromagnetic Bar

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing XY-table drives for semiconductor manufacturing are cumbersome to integrate and inefficient due to their complex configurations, excessive mass, and the need for cooling and magnetic fields, which are problematic for precise positioning and clean room applications.

Innovation Solution

A 'moving iron' type drive system using a stationary U-shaped yoke and a movable ferromagnetic bar with a magnetic circuit across air gaps, generating vertical reluctance forces and horizontal Lorentz forces, allowing for contactless direct drive with minimal additional mass and no magnetic elements on the moving table, enabling easy integration and precise positioning in all six degrees of freedom.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a planar array of magnets with moving coils is used for XY-table drive, then the table can be moved in all six degrees of freedom, but the drive becomes unnecessarily heavy and requires cooling and magnetic fields that are problematic for precise positioning

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesix degrees of freedom movement capabilityVSAvoiddrive mass
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the traditional moving coil or moving magnet system with a stationary U-shaped yoke and a movable ferromagnetic bar. The magnetic field is generated by stationary coils in the yoke, and the ferromagnetic bar responds to this field through magnetic attraction and Lorentz forces, eliminating the need to move heavy electromagnetic components with the table.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of moving the electromagnetic actuators (coils or magnets) with the table, the patent inverts the configuration by making the electromagnetic components stationary and using a passive ferromagnetic bar that is moved by magnetic forces. This inversion significantly reduces the moving mass while maintaining actuation capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Power

If moving coils are used for magnetic drive, then the table can be actuated, but supply cables and heat generation become problematic for precise positioning

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveactuation capabilityVSAvoidcoil heat generation
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the electromagnetic actuation components from the moving table and places them in a stationary U-shaped yoke. The ferromagnetic bar on the table is actuated by magnetic fields generated by stationary coils, eliminating supply cables and heat generation from the moving components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Measurement precision

If a magnetic bearing system with U-shaped yoke and permanent magnets is used, then vertical positioning and horizontal movement are achieved, but the configuration of moving and non-moving parts becomes complex to integrate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevertical positioning precisionVSAvoidintegration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the vertical positioning function (reluctance forces) and horizontal actuation function (Lorentz forces) into a single integrated drive unit consisting of a U-shaped yoke with stationary coils and a movable ferromagnetic bar. This merging reduces the number of separate components and simplifies integration into the XY-table system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The ferromagnetic bar serves multiple functions: it responds to vertical magnetic fields for vertical positioning through reluctance forces and to horizontal magnetic fields for horizontal movement through Lorentz forces. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate actuation mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Power

If traditional magnetic drives with moving coils are used, then actuation is achieved, but additional masses must be moved and the drive is not optimized for swath-by-swath movement patterns

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveactuation forceVSAvoidmoving mass
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces heavy moving coils or magnets with a lightweight ferromagnetic bar that is actuated by stationary electromagnetic fields. This substitution dramatically reduces the moving mass while maintaining the ability to generate sufficient actuation forces for the required movement patterns.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a mechanically simple, lightweight, and cost-effective drive system that eliminates the need for gear units and cooling, reduces particle disturbance, and allows for precise positioning with minimal space usage, enhancing the integration and performance of XY-tables in semiconductor manufacturing.

Implementation Method 1

The yoke and the bar carry a magnetic circuit with a flux that takes a path across air gaps between the limbs and the bar, and generates vertical reluctance forces there which counteract the gravitational force of the bar

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReluctance force: Magnetic Reluctance

Implementation Method 2

A plurality of such drives can be connected to an XY-table, to make it possible to adjust all degrees of freedom of the XY-table

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLorentz force: Lorentz Force

Data Source

PatentEP2963497B1Drive for an XY-Table and XY-Table
Publication Date: 2019.10.16 DR JOHANNES HEIDENHAIN GMBH
  • EP2963497B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2963497B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2963497B1 patent drawingFigure 5(a)~5(g)

AI summary

A drive for an XY-table is disclosed, having a stationary, ferromagnetic and U-shaped yoke (1) including a first limb (1.1) and a second limb (1.2) which lie together in one plane (XY), and having a movable ferromagnetic bar (2), the yoke (1) and the bar (2) carrying a magnetic circuit with a flux (Φ) that takes a path across air gaps between the limbs (1.1, 1.2) and the bar (2), and brings about vertical reluctance forces there which counteract the gravitational force of the bar (2). Bar (2) lies parallel to and below the plane (XY) defined by the limbs (1.1, 1.2). An XY-table with such a drive is disclosed. A separate drive to reverse the direction of movement (X) of the table (6) is also disclosed.