Yieldable Slope Construction via Water-Induced Deformation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Weak counter-inclined slopes formed by low-strength rock masses, such as slate and schist, experience significant toppling deformation during excavation, leading to instability and damage to supporting structures due to uncontrollable deformation and external factors like rainfall.
Innovation Solution
A yieldable construction method involving controlled blasting, water injection to soften rock masses, and monitoring surface displacement to induce and manage toppling deformation, followed by cement grouting to stabilize the slope.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If traditional excavation methods are used on weak counter-inclined slopes, then excavation can proceed without special treatment, but large toppling deformation occurs and supporting structures are damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing controlled blasting to create relaxation zones and injecting water before normal excavation to induce toppling deformation early. This preliminary treatment releases accumulated deformation energy before the supporting structures are fully installed, preventing later damage to anchors and frame beams.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful toppling deformation into a beneficial controlled process. By injecting water to soften rock masses and induce toppling deformation deliberately, the method transforms the unavoidable harmful deformation into a controllable process that releases stress early, protecting the supporting structures from future damage.
2Reliability
If water injection is performed to induce toppling deformation, then surrounding rock deformation risk is reduced, but construction process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback by monitoring slope surface displacement characteristics to determine the timing of water injection. Surface displacement monitoring points track deformation in real-time, and when deformation rates decrease indicating convergence, water injection is initiated. This feedback mechanism optimizes the construction process by timing interventions based on actual slope behavior rather than following a fixed schedule.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method reduces the risk of surrounding rock toppling deformation and ensures overall slope stability and safety by inducing controlled deformation and reinforcing the slope structure.
Implementation Method 1
inducing toppling deformation of the slope by injecting water and softening a blasting relaxation part of the rock mass
Implementation Method 2
injecting high-pressure water into surrounding rock relaxation parts produced by detonation via the water injection holes
Implementation Method 3
injecting a cement grout into slope foot through the water injection holes
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a yieldable construction method for early releasing surrounding rock deformation on a weak toppling slope, thereby reducing surrounding rock toppling deformation risk in and after an excavation process and ensuring overall slope stability and safety of a supporting structure. A technical solution of the present invention is as follows: loosing a rock mass through controlled blasting; inducing toppling deformation of the slope by injecting water and softening a blasting relaxation part of the rock mass; determining timing of water injection by monitoring slope surface displacement characteristics of the slope; and performing a normal excavation process of the toppling deformation slope after injecting is completed. The present invention is applicable to design and construction of high slope engineering of a special kind of rocks, i.e., a toppling deformation slope composed of weak rock masses.