YIG Signal-to-Noise Enhancer for RF Transmit Noise Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing RF and microwave transmission systems face interference issues due to noise in amplifiers and digital-to-analog converters, which degrade signal-to-noise ratios and can drive receive systems into compression, especially when systems with close carrier frequencies are co-located, and conventional filters are costly and prone to errors.

Innovation Solution

A signal-to-noise enhancer (SNE) system using a thin film of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) on a gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrate with a magnetic biasing field, which acts as a high-Q notch filter, attenuating low-power signals while allowing high-power signals to pass through, thereby reducing noise and improving signal-to-noise ratios.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If conventional filters are used to reduce noise, then noise attenuation is achieved, but cost increases and frequency offset errors occur

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovenoiseVSAvoidcost
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces conventional mechanical/electronic filters with a magnetic field-based signal-to-noise enhancer using ferrimagnetic material. The magnetic biasing field interacts with the ferrimagnetic material to provide nonlinear enhancement of RF signals, substituting magnetic field manipulation for traditional filter mechanisms, thereby reducing cost and eliminating frequency offset errors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the operating parameters by using magnetic biasing fields to control the ferrimagnetic material's properties. By adjusting the magnetic biasing field strength, the device can be tuned to different center frequencies, providing adaptive noise reduction without the rigid frequency constraints of conventional filters.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-affected harmful factors

If conventional filters are used to reduce noise, then noise attenuation is achieved, but frequency offset errors increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovenoiseVSAvoidfrequency offset
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces conventional filters with a magnetic field-based signal-to-noise enhancer that uses ferrimagnetic material properties. The magnetic biasing field creates a center frequency determined by the material's magnetic characteristics rather than fixed circuit parameters, eliminating frequency offset errors while maintaining effective noise attenuation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Power

If magnetic biasing is increased to enhance RF signals, then signal enhancement improves, but phase shift distortion increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal enhancementVSAvoidphase shift
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent carefully controls the magnetic biasing field parameters to achieve optimal signal enhancement while minimizing phase shift distortion. By selecting appropriate bias field strengths and frequencies, the device enhances RF signals nonlinearly while maintaining acceptable phase characteristics, balancing enhancement with signal fidelity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The SNE system effectively reduces broadband noise, providing significant attenuation of low-power signals near high-power signals, improving signal-to-noise ratios and reducing electromagnetic interference, with automatic tuning and wide bandwidth adaptability, suitable for military and commercial applications.

Implementation Method 1

a magnetic component capable of supporting magnetostatic waves

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetostatic waves:

Implementation Method 2

magnetic biasing means. The biasing means normally biases the ferrimagnetic material to operate at frequencies about a selected center frequency

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic biasing: Magnetic Field

Data Source

PatentEP3228015B1Transmit noise reducer
Publication Date: 2024.05.01 RAYTHEON CO
  • EP3228015B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3228015B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3228015B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A transmit drive circuit with high signal to noise and frequency agility. In one embodiment, a transmit circuit includes a digital to analog converter, an amplifier, and a signal to noise enhancer, the signal to noise enhancer being a nonlinear passive device that attenuates low-power signals while transmitting high power signals with little loss. The signal to noise enhancer may be fabricated as a thin film of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) epitaxially grown on a gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrate, the GGG substrate secured to a microwave transmission line from the input to the output of the signal to noise enhancer, such that the thin film of yttrium iron garnet is close to the transmission line.