Zeolite-Phosphomolybdic Acid Hybrid Catalyst for HMF Conversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) from cellulose are not economically viable and environmentally friendly, as they rely on expensive ionic liquids and catalysts, and face challenges in cellulose dissolution and HMF separation.
Innovation Solution
A green process using a choline chloride-citric acid-citric acid monohydrate eutectic solvent system and a zeolite-phosphomolybdic acid hybrid catalyst for the conversion of cellulose from aromatic spent biomass to HMF, with a two-step catalyst treatment and solvent extraction to achieve high yields and purity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If expensive ionic liquids and catalysts are used for HMF production from cellulose, then conversion efficiency is improved, but production cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive ionic liquids with a cheap eutectic solvent system composed of choline chloride, citric acid, and citric acid monohydrate. This solvent system effectively dissolves cellulose and facilitates HMF production without the high costs associated with traditional ionic liquids, directly addressing the contradiction between conversion efficiency and production cost
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the solvent system by using a eutectic mixture of choline chloride, citric acid, and citric acid monohydrate instead of conventional ionic liquids. This parameter change maintains effective cellulose dissolution and HMF conversion while significantly reducing material costs
2Productivity
If conventional catalysts are used for cellulose conversion, then HMF yield is improved, but environmental impact worsens
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite hybrid catalyst system combining zeolite and phosphomolybdic acid. This composite catalyst achieves high HMF yield while being more environmentally friendly than conventional catalysts, as it can be recovered and reused, reducing harmful chemical waste in the production process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements catalyst recovery and reuse mechanisms. The hybrid zeolite-phosphomolybdic acid catalyst can be separated from the reaction mixture and reused for multiple cycles, reducing environmental impact by minimizing catalyst waste while maintaining high HMF yield
3Ease of operation
If traditional solvent systems are used, then cellulose dissolution is achieved, but HMF separation becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses the eutectic solvent system as an intermediary that facilitates both cellulose dissolution and subsequent HMF separation. The specific composition of choline chloride, citric acid, and citric acid monohydrate creates a reaction medium where cellulose dissolves effectively but HMF can be selectively extracted, simplifying the separation process compared to traditional solvent systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This process provides a cost-effective, environmentally friendly method for producing HMF with high yields and purity, utilizing recyclable catalysts and solvents, suitable for large-scale production and commercial adaptation.
Implementation Method 1
A green process using a choline chloride-citric acid-citric acid monohydrate eutectic solvent system for the conversion of cellulose from aromatic spent biomass to HMF
Implementation Method 2
a zeolite-phosphomolybdic acid hybrid catalyst for the conversion of cellulose from aromatic spent biomass to HMF
Implementation Method 3
with liquid solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate and methyl isobutyl ketone to obtain a liquid solvent extract
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a process for chemical conversion of cellulose isolated from aromatic spent biomass to hydroxymethyl furfural using an eco-friendly and economical liquids system with recoverable and reusable solid Indion catalysts and zeolite-phosphomolybdic acid hybrid catalysts. The present invention further relates to the preparation of an effective hybrid catalyst i.e. zeolite-phosphomolybdic acid catalyst for synthesis of HMF. The selectivity and yield of HMF is nearly doubled in zeolite-phosphomolybdic acid hybrid catalyst compared to the individual catalysts (zeolite or phosphomolybdic acid) or combination of catalysts viz. zeolite and phosphomolybdic acid.